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| Siege of Kangra fort | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Kangra fort in 1847, by Charles Hardinge | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Delhi sultanate | Kingdom of Trigartta | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Firuz Shah Tughlaq | Raja Rup Chand[a] | ||||||||
Siege of Kangra fort was a six month long siege of Kangra fort which occurred sometime between (1361-1370), was carried out by the forces of Delhi Sultanate led by Firuz Shah Tughlaq against the ruler of Nagarkot Raja Rup Chand which resulted in the surrender of the fort garrison and submission of the Raja Rup Chand to the Delhi Sultanate.[1]
Background
editThe Kangra fort was previously captured by Muhammad bin Tughlaq in a expedition against Hindu Trigartta rulers in 1337. The fort fell again to the Hindu rulers after the death of Muhammad bin Tughlaq in 1351 and remained in their possession until it was re-captured by Firuz Shah.[1] The Campaign against the Kingdom of Trigartta by the Firuz shah Tughlaq was launched as a result of Incursion made by the Raja of Trigartta into the Delhi Sultanate domain. According to Ferishta the Raja of Nagarkot met Shihabu'd-Din Shah at the banks of Sutlej, who was a powerful ruler of Shah Mir dynasty in Kashmir. The Raja was on his way back after pillaging areas inside the Delhi sultanate, he presented the spoils gathered from his Incursion to the ruler Shihabu'd-Din Shah to show his loyalty.[2]
Siege of Kangra Fort and Submission
editFiruz Shah Tughlaq led an army to capture Nagarkot, after further incursions were made by the Raja Rup Chand who also intended to eliminate Muslim rulers in the region.[2] The way to Nagarkot was of, Firuz Shah instructed his men to lay many Manjaniqs and many Arradas[b] to assemble, after he assessed the fort to be well built and which could not be easily run over. The siege of the fort lasted for six months before it was captured.[1] Firuz Shah Tughlaq saw the Raja Rup Chand who stood on top of the citadel when Firuz Shah Tughlaq was inspecting the fort. The Raja posed to be meek while standing and bowed towards Firuz Shah in submission.[2]
Firuz Shah Tughlaq in return took a handkerchief and waved it towards the Raja and the Raja in return came from his fort to Firuz Shah. He apologized and lowered himself to Firuz Shah's feet, the Raja was gifted a umbrella and robes of honor were presented before being sent back to his fort. The Hindu writer has not opposed the meekness of the Raja who states that Firuz Shah placed his hand on the back of Raja. and states his name is not given by many other historians which.[3][2]
Due to the convenient submission of the Raja, Firuz shah returned back to Delhi and the dominion of the Raja was spared with him being left as in-charge of the garrison. Firuz shah did not order the destruction of Jwalamukhi idol and behaved gently towards the place on the request of the Raja.[4]
Aftermath
editA book was named 'Dalil-i-Firozshahi' after it was comprised from religious books gathered by Firuz shah, taken from Jwalamukhi temple during the return from Nagarkot. The campaign against Nagarkot was appraised as the most successful campaign of Firuz shah Tughlaq.[4] The son of Firuz Shah Tughlaq, Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III would use the fort to hide when pursued by Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughlaq II in 1388.[5]
See also
editSources
editThe sources for this event are provided from two different accounts by Ferishta and Shams-i-Sirâj and doggrel poems written by a Hindu poet in the rule of Raja Dharam Chand before his submission to Akbar.
Notes
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c d Agrawal (2016), p. 6
- ^ a b c d Cunningham (1875), p. 157
- ^ Elliot (1871), p. 319
- ^ a b Jackson & 20023, pp. 301–302
- ^ Agrawal (2016), p. 7
Works cited
edit- Agrawal, Ashvini (2016). Kangra Fort: Archaeological Survey of India. Archaeological Survey of India. Archived from the original on 2018-06-04.
- Cunningham, Alexander (1875). Report for the Year 1872-73. Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing. Retrieved 2024-12-30.
- Jackson, Peter (2003). The Delhi Sultanate A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521543293. Retrieved 2024-12-30.
- Elliot, Henry Miers (1871). The History of India, as Told by its Own Historians The Muhammadan Period. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139507158. Archived from the original on 2017-01-25.