Doridoidea, commonly known as dorid nudibranchs (and previously known as the taxon Cryptobranchia), are a taxonomic superfamily of medium to large, shell-less sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Doridacea, included in the clade Nudibranchia.
| Doridoidea | |
|---|---|
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| Doris odhneri | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Nudibranchia |
| Infraorder: | Doridoidei |
| Superfamily: | Doridoidea Rafinesque, 1815 |
| Families | |
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See text. | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Etymology
editThe word "Doridoidea" comes from the generic name Doris, which was in turn copied from the name of the sea nymph, Doris, in Greek mythology.
Families
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According to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), families within the superfamily Doridoidea include:
- Actinocyclidae O'Donoghue, 1929
- Chromodorididae Bergh, 1891
- Discodorididae Bergh, 1891
- Dorididae Rafinesque, 1815
Changes later than 2005
editThe family Cadlinidae Bergh, 1891 was considered a synonym of the Chromodorididae. Research by R.F. Johnson in 2011[2] has shown that Cadlina does not belong to the family Chromodorididae. She has therefore brought back the name Cadlinidae from synonymy with Chromodorididae. The chromodorid nudibranchs without Cadlina are now monophyletic and turn out to be a possible sister to the Actinocyclidae
Currently recognized families
edit- Actinocyclidae O'Donoghue, 1929
- Cadlinidae Bergh, 1891
- Chromodorididae Bergh, 1891
- Discodorididae Bergh, 1891
- Dorididae Rafinesque, 1815
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Synonyms
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The next families are considered synonyms. But these names can still be found in many publications and on the internet.
- Aldisidae Odhner, 1939 - synonym of Cadlinidae
- Archidorididae Bergh, 1891 - synonym of Dorididae
- Asteronotidae Thiele, 1931 - synonym of Discodorididae
- Baptodorididae Odhner, 1926 - synonym of Discodorididae
- Conualeviidae Collier & Farmer, 1964 - synonym of Dorididae
- Geitodorididae Odhner, 1968 - synonym of Discodorididae
- Halgerdidae Odhner, 1926 - synonym of Discodorididae
- Homoiodorididae Bergh, 1882 -synonym of Dorididae and Dendrodorididae
- Kentrodorididae Bergh, 1891 - synonym of Discodorididae
- Platydorididae Bergh, 1891 - synonym of Discodorididae
- Rostangidae Pruvot-Fol, 1951 - synonym of Discodorididae
Cryptobranch dorid nudibranchs
editCryptobranch dorid nudibranchs (previously known as the taxon Cryptobranchia), are nudibranch sea slugs within the clade Doridacea. These slugs are called "cryptobranch," meaning "hidden gill", because they are able to retract their gills into a gill pocket, in contrast to nudibranchs in the traditional group phanerobranchs (or Phanerobranchia), which taxon is probably paraphyletic (in other words, composed of more than one evolutionary lineage).[3]
A. Valdés distinguishes two major clades within the Cryptobranchia: the dorids that have no radula (the Porostomata); and those with a radula (the Labiostomata). The Labiostomata include the monophyletic families: Actinocyclidae, Chromodorididae, Dorididae and Discodorididae.[4]
The cryptobranchs include the following genera that are regarded as valid:
- Doris Linnaeus, 1758
- Asteronotus Ehrenberg, 1831
- Atagema J. E. Gray, 1850
- Jorunna Bergh, 1876
- Discodoris Bergh, 1877
- Platydoris Bergh, 1877
- Thordisa Bergh, 1877
- Diaulula Bergh, 1878
- Aldisa Bergh, 1878
- Rostanga Bergh, 1879*[clarification needed]
- Aphelodoris Bergh, 1879
- Halgerda Bergh, 1880
- Peltodoris Bergh, 1880
- Hoplodoris Bergh, 1880
- Paradoris Bergh, 1884
- Baptodoris Bergh, 1884
- Geitodoris Bergh, 1891
- Gargamella Bergh, 1894
- Alloiodoris Bergh, 1904
- Sclerodoris Eliot, 1904
- Otinodoris White, 1948
- Taringa Er. Marcus, 1955
- Sebadoris Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1960
- Conualevia Collier & Farmer, 1964
- Thorybopus Bouchet, 1977
- Goslineria Valdés, 2001
- Pharodoris Valdés, 2001
- Nophodoris Valdés & Gosliner, 2001
References
edit- ^ Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47(1-2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997. 397 pp. http://www.vliz.be/Vmdcdata/imis2/ref.php?refid=78278
- ^ Johnson R.F. (2011) Breaking family ties: taxon sampling and molecular phylogeny of chromodorid nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Zoologica Scripta 40(2): 137-157
- ^ Valdés, Angel (2002). "A phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Anthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 136 (4). London: The Linnean Society of London: 535–536. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00039.x.
- ^ Valdés, A. (2002). "A phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Anthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 136 (4). Blackwell Publishing: 535–536. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00039.x.