Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovsky (alternative spelling Dmitrii or Dmitry Iwanowski; Russian: Дми́трий Ио́сифович Ивано́вский;[a] 28 October 1864 – 20 June 1920) was a Russian botanist, the co-discoverer of viruses (1892), and one of the founders of virology.[1][2][3][4][5]
Dmitri Ivanovsky | |
|---|---|
 Ivanovsky, c. 1915 | |
| Born | 28 October 1864 |
| Died | 20 June 1920 (aged 55) |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Alma mater | St. Petersburg Imperial University |
| Known for | Discovery of viruses, Tobacco mosaic virus |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Virology |
| Institutions | St. Petersburg Imperial University Imperial University of Warsaw Saint Vladimir Imperial University of Kiev Donskoy University |
| Doctoral advisor | Andrei Famintsyn |
Life
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Ivanovsky was born in the village of Nizy, Gdov Uyezd. He studied at the University of Saint Petersburg under Andrei Famintsyn in 1887, when he was sent to Ukraine and Bessarabia to investigate a tobacco disease causing great damage to plantations located there at the time. Three years later, he was assigned to look into a similar disease occurrence of tobacco plants, this time raging in the Crimea region. He discovered that both incidents of disease were caused by an extremely minuscule infectious agent, capable of permeating porcelain Pasteur-Chamberland filters, something which bacteria could never do. He described his findings in an article (1892)[6] and a dissertation (1902).[7] Then he worked at the Imperial University of Warsaw and at Donskoy University in Rostov on Don.
In 1898, the Dutch microbiologist Martinus Beijerinck independently replicated Ivanovsky's experiments and became convinced that the filtered solution contained a new form of infectious agent, which he named virus. Beijerinck subsequently acknowledged Ivanovsky's priority of his discovery of the submicroscopic entity that was filterable.[2]
Notes
edit- ^ Дмитрій Іосифовичъ Ивановскій in Russian pre-revolutionary script.
References
edit- ^ Lechevalier, Hubert (1972). "Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovski (1864–1920)". Bacteriological Reviews. 36 (2). Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology: 135–45. doi:10.1128/BR.36.2.135-145.1972. ISSN 0005-3678. PMC 408320. PMID 4557165.
- ^ a b Lustig, A.; Levine, A. J. (August 1992). "One hundred years of virology". Journal of Virology. 66 (8): 4629–31. doi:10.1128/JVI.66.8.4629-4631.1992. PMC 241285. PMID 1629947.
- ^ Bos, L. (1995). "The Embryonic Beginning of Virology: Unbiased Thinking and Dogmatic Stagnation". Archives of Virology. 140 (3): 613–619. doi:10.1007/bf01718437. ISSN 0304-8608. PMID 7733832. S2CID 23685370.
- ^ Zaitlin, Milton (1998). "The Discovery of the Causal Agent of the Tobacco Mosaic Disease" (PDF). In Kung, S. D.; Yang, S. F. (eds.). Discoveries in Plant Biology. Hong Kong: World Publishing Co. pp. 105–110. ISBN 978-981-02-1313-8.
- ^ Sebastion, Anton (2001). A dictionary of the history of science. Google Books Excerpt: Informa Health Care. p. 267. ISBN 9781850704188. Retrieved 24 October 2008.
- ^ Iwanowski, D. (1892). "Über die Mosaikkrankheit der Tabakspflanze". Bulletin Scientifique Publié Par l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg / Nouvelle Serie III (in German and Russian). 35. St. Petersburg: 67–70. Translated into English in Johnson, J., Ed. (1942) Phytopathological classics (St. Paul, Minnesota: American Phytopathological Society) No. 7, pp. 27–-30.
- ^ Iwanowski, D. (1903). "Über die Mosaikkrankheit der Tabakspflanze". Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz (in German). 13: 1–41.
Sources
edit- Lecoq, H (October 2001). "Découverte du premier virus, le virus de la mosaïque du tabac: 1892 ou 1898?" [Discovery of the first virus, the tobacco mosaic virus: 1892 or 1898?]. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences. Series III – Sciences de la Vie (in French). 324 (10): 929–33. Bibcode:2001CRASG.324..929L. doi:10.1016/S0764-4469(01)01368-3. PMID 11570281.
External links
edit- "Viruses and the Prokaryotic World". Retrieved 19 April 2008.