Diploptera punctata, the Pacific beetle cockroach, is a species of cockroach in the family Blaberidae and subfamily Diplopterinae.[1] It is one of the few cockroach species that is viviparous. Adults are chemically defended, having a modified tracheal gland and spiracle on each side which squirts quinones which can poison or discourage a predator.[2]
| Diploptera punctata | |
|---|---|
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| Adult in Molokai, Hawaii | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Blattodea |
| Family: | Blaberidae |
| Genus: | Diploptera |
| Species: | D. punctata
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| Binomial name | |
| Diploptera punctata (Eschscholtz, 1822)
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| Synonyms | |
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Life stages
editDiploptera punctata has 4 nymph stages, which are wingless. The adult is winged, and the adult male is smaller than the female.[3]
Distribution
editDiploptera punctata can be found in Australia, Myanmar, China, Fiji, Hawaii, and India.
Milk
editDiploptera punctata produces a nutritionally dense crystalline "milk"[4] to feed their live-born young.[5][6][7][8]
The milk produced by Diploptera punctata is composed of hydrosoluble proteins and provides essential amino acids to the developing embryo such as lysine, leucine and valine.[9]
References
edit- ^ George Beccaloni; David C. Eades. "Diploptera punctata". Blattodea Species File. Retrieved 10 June 2011.
- ^ Roth, Louis M.; Stay, Barbara (1958-01-01). "The occurrence of para-quinones in some arthropods, with emphasis on the quinone-secreting tracheal glands of Diploptera punctata (Blattaria)". Journal of Insect Physiology. 1 (4): 305–318. doi:10.1016/0022-1910(58)90049-0.305-318&rft.date=1958-01-01&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/0022-1910(58)90049-0&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=Louis M.&rft.au=Stay, Barbara&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diploptera punctata" class="Z3988">
- ^ Marchal, Elisabeth; Hult, Ekaterina F.; Huang, Juan; Stay, Barbara; Tobe, Stephen S. (2013-07-01). "Diploptera punctata as a model for studying the endocrinology of arthropod reproduction and development". General and Comparative Endocrinology. 26th Conference of European Comparative Endocrinologists (CECE). 188: 85–93. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.04.018. ISSN 0016-6480. PMID 23644152.85-93&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.issn=0016-6480&rft_id=info:pmid/23644152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.04.018&rft.aulast=Marchal&rft.aufirst=Elisabeth&rft.au=Hult, Ekaterina F.&rft.au=Huang, Juan&rft.au=Stay, Barbara&rft.au=Tobe, Stephen S.&rft_id=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016648013001949&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diploptera punctata" class="Z3988">
- ^ Williford, Anna; Stay, Barbara; Bhattacharya, Debashish (2004-03-01). "Evolution of a novel function: nutritive milk in the viviparous cockroach, Diploptera punctata". Evolution & Development. 6 (2): 67–77. doi:10.1111/j.1525-142X.2004.04012.x. ISSN 1525-142X. PMID 15009119. S2CID 31048064.67-77&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.issn=1525-142X&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:31048064#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:pmid/15009119&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/j.1525-142X.2004.04012.x&rft.aulast=Williford&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.au=Stay, Barbara&rft.au=Bhattacharya, Debashish&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diploptera punctata" class="Z3988">
- ^ Banerjee, Sanchari; Coussens, Nathan; Gallat, François-Xavier; et al. (July 2016). "Structure of a heterogeneous, glycosylated, lipid-bound, in vivo-grown protein crystal at atomic resolution from the viviparous cockroach Diploptera punctata". IUCrJ. 3 (4): 282–293. doi:10.1107/S2052252516008903. PMC 4937783. PMID 27437115.282-293&rft.date=2016-07&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4937783#id-name=PMC&rft_id=info:pmid/27437115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1107/S2052252516008903&rft.aulast=Banerjee&rft.aufirst=Sanchari&rft.au=Coussens, Nathan&rft.au=Gallat, François-Xavier&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4937783&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diploptera punctata" class="Z3988">
- ^ Kumar, Chethan (2016-07-19). "Pesky cockroaches give scientists some high-protein food for thought". Times of India. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
- ^ Guarino, Ben (2016-07-26). "The case for cockroach milk: The next superfood?". Washington Post. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
- ^ "Cockroach milk is not the next superfood. It could be a lot more important than that". 31 July 2016.
- ^ Ayayee, Paul A.; Keeney, George; Sabree, Zakee L.; Muñoz-Garcia, Agustí (2017-06-01). "Compositional differences among female-associated and embryo-associated microbiota of the viviparous Pacific Beetle cockroach, Diploptera punctata". FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 93 (6). doi:10.1093/femsec/fix052. ISSN 1574-6941. PMID 28431082.
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