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Cognitive engineering is a method of study using cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience to design and develop engineering systems to support or improve the cognitive processes of users.[1]
History
editIt was an engineering method used in the 1970s at Bell Labs, focused on how people form a cognitive model of a system based upon common metaphors.[2] As explained, by Joseph Henry Condon:[2]
"The idea is that people form a model. You present them with some instruments, tools, like a faucet, electric stove or something like that and demonstrate how it works. They then form in their heads a model that shows how it works inside to help them remember how to use it in the future. It may be a totally erroneous model of what is going on inside the black box."
— Joseph Henry Condon, "Interview with Joseph H. Condon (transcript)". History of Science, Princeton University. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
According to Condon, the ideas of cognitive engineering were developed later than, and independent from, the early work on the Unix operating system.[3]
Don Norman cited principles of cognitive engineering in his 1981 article, "The truth about Unix: The user interface is horrid." Norman criticized the user interface of Unix as being "a disaster for the casual user."[4] However the "casual user" is not the target audience for UNIX and as the Condon quote above indicates, a high level of user interface abstraction leads to cognitive models that may be "totally erroneous."
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Wilson, Kyle M.; Helton, William S.; Wiggins, Mark W. (2013). "Cognitive engineering" (PDF). Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science. 4 (1): 17–31. doi:10.1002/wcs.1204. PMID 26304173.17-31&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/wcs.1204&rft_id=info:pmid/26304173&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Kyle M.&rft.au=Helton, William S.&rft.au=Wiggins, Mark W.&rft_id=http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/28844/1/WilsonHeltonWiggins_Cognitive%20Engineering_Authors%20Pre-print%202012.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Cognitive engineering" class="Z3988">
- ^ a b "Interview with Joseph H. Condon (transcript)". History of Science, Princeton University. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
- ^ Michael S. Mahoney. "Joseph H. Condon". Princeton University History of Science.
- ^ Norman, Don (1981). "The truth about Unix: The user interface is horrid" (PDF). Datamation. Vol. 27, no. 12.
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