Clichy (/kliːˈʃiː/ klee-SHEE, French: [kliʃi] ; sometimes unofficially Clichy-la-Garenne [kliʃi la ɡaʁɛn])[3] is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located on the Seine, 6.4 km (4.0 mi) from the centre of Paris.
Clichy | |
|---|---|
 The church of Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, in Clichy | |
 Coat of arms | |
 | |
Location of Clichy  | |
  Clichy  Clichy | |
| Coordinates: 48°54′16″N 2°18′23″E / 48.9044°N 2.3064°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Île-de-France |
| Department | Hauts-de-Seine |
| Arrondissement | Nanterre |
| Canton | Clichy |
| Intercommunality | Grand Paris |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Rémi Muzeau[1] |
Area 1 | 3.08 km2 (1.19 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[2] | 64,849 |
| • Density | 21,000/km2 (55,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC 01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC 02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 92024 /92110 |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Located in Clichy are the headquarters of the L'Oréal Group, the world's largest company in cosmetics and beauty; Bic, one of the biggest pen producers in the world; Monoprix, a major French retail chain; as well as Sony France, a large electronics and media company.
Name
editThe name Clichy was recorded for the first time in the 6th century as Clippiacum, later corrupted into Clichiacum, meaning "estate of Cleppius", a Gallo-Roman landowner.
In the 13th century, the plain of Clichy was used as a garenne ("warren" in English), i.e. a hunting park and game preserve for the exclusive use of the king or a lord. Clichy became known as Clichy-la-Garenne ("Clichy the Warren" or preserve).
Between 1793 and 1795, during the French Revolution, Clichy-la-Garenne was renamed Clichy-la-Patriote (meaning "Clichy the Patriot"), perhaps because the word garenne reminded people of the feudal privileges that the new government abolished in 1789.
After the Revolution, the French administration officially recorded the name of the commune only as Clichy, dropping the "la-Garenne". This is the term in use in the 21st century. But, in many instances the municipality of Clichy refers to the commune traditionally as Clichy-la-Garenne, although this has not been the official name for more than 200 years.
History
editClichy was the capital of the Merovingians during the rule of Dagobert I.
Its church was built in the 17th century under the direction of St Vincent de Paul, who had previously been curé of Clichy.[3]
In 1830, part of the territory of Clichy was detached and became the commune of Batignolles-Monceau. On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris annexed neighboring communes, taking most of Batignolles-Monceau, which now forms the major part of the 17th arrondissement of Paris. A small part of the territory of Batignolles-Monceau was returned to Clichy.
On 11 January 1867, part of the territory of Clichy was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Neuilly-sur-Seine to create the commune of Levallois-Perret.
Population
editThe population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Clichy proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of Clichy ceded the commune of Batignolles-Monceau in 1830, and reabsorbed part of it in 1859. In 1866 it ceded part of its territory to the new commune of Levallois-Perret.[4]
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| Source: EHESS[4] and INSEE (1968-2017)[5] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Immigration
edit| Born in metropolitan France | Born outside metropolitan France | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 70.9% | 29.1% | |||
| Born in overseas France |
Born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth1 | EU-15 immigrants2 | Non-EU-15 immigrants | |
| 2.4% | 2.6% | 4.1% | 20.0% | |
| 1 This group is made up largely of former French settlers, such as pieds-noirs in Northwest Africa, followed by former colonial citizens who had French citizenship at birth (such as was often the case for the native elite in French colonies), as well as to a lesser extent foreign-born children of French expatriates. A foreign country is understood as a country not part of France in 1999, so a person born for example in 1950 in Algeria, when Algeria was an integral part of France, is nonetheless listed as a person born in a foreign country in French statistics. 2 An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. An immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants. | ||||
Administration
editThe canton covers a part of the commune; the other is in the northern part of Levallois-Perret.
International relations
edit
Heidenheim an der Brenz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, since 1959
Sankt Pölten, Lower Austria, Austria, since 1968
Santo Tirso, District of Porto, Portugal, since 1991
Rubí, Catalonia, Spain, since 2005
Southwark, London, United Kingdom since 2005
Merthyr Tydfil, Mid Glamorgan, United Kingdom Since 1981
Economy
editL'Oréal Group has its head office in the Centre Eugène Schueller in Clichy.[7]
In addition, Monoprix has its head office in Clichy.[8] Société Bic has its head office in Clichy.[9]
At one time Fnac had its head office in Clichy.[10] In 2008 the head office moved to Ivry-sur-Seine.[11]
Amazon has its French Head Office in Clichy.
Transport
editClichy is served by Mairie de Clichy station on Paris Métro Line 13.
It is also served by Clichy–Levallois station on the Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare suburban rail line.
Education
editThe commune has 22 primary schools, three junior high schools, and two senior high schools. The junior highs include:[12]
- Collège Jean Jaurès
- Collège Jean Macé
- Collège Vincent Van Gogh
The senior high schools are:
- Lycée Newton
- Lycée René Auffray
Notable persons
edit- Olivier Messiaen, French composer, died here.
- Henry Miller, American author, lived with Alfred Perlès at 4 avenue Anatole France from 1932 to 1934.[13]
- Jean-Luc Rougé, 1975 world Judo champion
- Feta Ahamada, athlete
- Audrey Bruneau, handball player
- Carlos (singer), singer
- Rochel Chery, basketball player
- Claude Dielna, footballer
- Vincent Doukantie, footballer
- Karichma Ekoh, handball player
- Gwladys Épangue, taekwondo athlete
- Jeremy Helan footballer
- Julian Jeanvier, footballer
- Moustapha Keita, footballer
- Aïssatou Kouyaté, handball player
- Souleymane M'Baye boxer
- Windsor Noncent footballer
- Steed Tchicamboud basketball player
- Brice Tutu, footballer
- Jacques Mesrine, French criminal, known as the French Robin Hood
- Thomas Piketty Economist
- Jeanine Claes artist, dancer, choreographer and dance teacher
- Moussa Sissako, footballer
- Abdoulaye Sissako, footballer
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 507.
- ^ a b Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Clichy, EHESS (in French).
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ^ "Jumelage". ville-clichy.fr (in French). Clichy. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
- ^ "World Presence." L'Oréal. Retrieved on 14 July 2010.
- ^ "Informations légales Archived 2010-02-09 at the Wayback Machine." Monoprix. Retrieved on 4 February 2010.
- ^ "Legal Notice." Bic. Retrieved on 7 February 2011. "Head office : 14, rue Jeanne d’Asnières 92611 Clichy cedex, France."
- ^ L.C. "Le siège de la Fnac pressenti Archived 2012-10-29 at the Wayback Machine." Le Parisien. 2 November 2006. Retrieved on 10 March 2010. "Et c'est le siège social de la Fnac qui aurait décroché la timbale. Actuellement installé à Clichy-la-Garenne (Hauts-de-Seine), le siège de l'agitateur culturel chercherait à déménager.
- ^ "150 salariés de la Fnac arrivent encore à Ivry Archived 2012-08-06 at the Wayback Machine." Le Parisien. 17 June 2008. Retrieved on 10 March 2010. "HIER, c'était le dernier jour d'aménagement au nouveau siège social de la Fnac, au bord de la Seine à Ivry-Port." and "Ils rejoignent ainsi les 850 autres employés qui sont déjà installés depuis le début du mois à Ivry."
- ^ "Education > Les établissements." Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine. Retrieved on September 4, 2016.
- ^ Kreg Wallace, Clichy (ave. Anatole France) Archived 2014-05-08 at the Wayback Machine, Walking Paris with Henry Miller. Retrieved on 7 May 2014.
External links
edit
(in French)