The Cerny culture (French: La Culture de Cerny, German: Cerny-Kultur) is a Neolithic culture in France that dates to the second half of the 5th millennium B.C. and that is particularly prevalent in the Paris Basin. It is characterized by monumental earth mounds, known as long barrows of the Passy type.[1][2] The term is derived from the "Parc aux Bœufs" in Cerny in the department of Essonne who authorized the name.
| Geographical range | France |
|---|---|
| Period | Neolithic |
| Dates | 4700–4000 BC |
| Preceded by | Linear Pottery culture |
| Followed by | Castellic culture, Chasséen culture, Michelsberg culture |
Important sites
edit- Parc aux Bœufs, Cerny, Essonne
- L'Étoile Neolithic Camp,[3] L'Étoile, Somme, particularly highlighted by Roger Agache[4] in Aerial archaeology, 1971
- Maran Neolithic Camp, Châtenay-sur-Seine, Seine-et-Marne
- Haut-des-Nachères Neolithic Camp, Noyen-sur-Seine, Seine-et-Marne
- Le Gours aux Lions, Marolles-sur-Seine, Seine-et-Marne
- Réaudins Enclosure and Balloy Necropolis, Seine-et-Marne, at the confluence of the River Yonne and River Seine.[5]
- Barbuise-Courtavant Camp, Barbuise, Aube
- La Sabliere Necropolis, Passy-Richebourg, Département Yonne.[6]
- Escolives-Sainte-Camille, Yonne
- Les Sablons, Gron, Yonne.[7]
- Noue Fenard, Vignely, Seine-et-Marne
- Porte aux Bergers, Vignely, Seine-et-Marne
- Orville Necropolis, Orville, Loiret, (Cerny-Videlles)
- Site des Roches, Videlles, Essonne (Cerny-Videlles)
- Buno-Bonnevaux Necropolis, Buno-Bonnevaux, Essonne
References
edit- ^ "Reconstruction of the Passy culture long barrow monuments at Fleury-sur-Orne, France".
- ^ Rivollat, M.; Thomas, A.; Ghesquière, E.; Rohrlach, A. B.; Späth, E.; Pemonge, M. H.; Haak, W.; Chambon, P.; Deguilloux, M. F. (2022). "Ancient DNA gives new insights into a Norman Neolithic monumental cemetery dedicated to male elites". PNAS. 119 (18): e2120786119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11920786R. doi:10.1073/pnas.2120786119. PMC 9170172. PMID 35446690.
The cemetery of Fleury-sur-Orne (Normandy, France) belongs to the first monumental funeral manifestations in Europe and predates Atlantic megalithic societies. Established during the second quarter of the fifth millennium calibrated (cal.) BCE, Fleury-sur-Orne consisted of earthen long barrows, some measuring up to 300 m in length. These monuments belong to the "Passy" phenomenon, named after the eponymous site. They are part of the Cerny culture that originated in the Yonne and upper Seine valley region, hereafter called "the Paris Basin," around 4,700 cal. BCE at the beginning of the local Middle Neolithic. The Passy-type monuments or STP (structure de type Passy) then spread to Normandy, where Fleury-sur-Orne is located.
- ^ L'Étoile Neolithic Camp, Ghislain Lancel (in French)
- ^ The Neolithic enclosures of l'Étoile, Aerial Archaeology, Roger Agache, Ministry of Culture (in French)
- ^ Daniel Mordant: Le complexe des Réaudins à Balloy enceinte et nécropole monumentale. In: C. Constantin, D. Mordant, D. Simonin (ed.): La Culture de Cerny, nouvelle économie, nouvelle société au Néolithique. pp. 449-479, 1997; Philippe Chambon: La nécropole de Balloy "les Réaudins", approche archéo-anthropologique. In: C. Constantin, D. Mordant, D. Simonin (eds.): La Culture de Cerny, nouvelle économie, nouvelle société au Néolithique. Actes du colloque international de Nemours, 1994, Mémoires du musée de Préhistoire d'Île-de-France, 6, éd. APRAIF, Nemours, pp. 489-498, 1997
- ^ Pierre Duhamel: La nécropole monumentale de Passy (Yonne): description d'ensemble et problème d'interprétation. In: C. Constantin, D. Mordant, D. Simonin (eds.): La Culture de Cerny, nouvelle économie, nouvelle société au Néolithique. Actes du colloque international de Nemours, 1994, Mémoires du musée de Préhistoire d'Île-de-France, 6, éd. APRAIF, Nemours, pp. 397-448, 1997
- ^ F. Müller, Pierre Duhamel, A. Augereau, G. Depierre: Une nouvelle nécropole monumentale Cerny à Gron "les Sablons" (Yonne). Actes du 22e colloque interrégional sur le Néolithique, Strasbourg, 27-29 octobre 1995. Supplement aux Cahiers de l'Association pour la Promotion de la Recherche archéologique en Alsace pp. 103-133, 1997
Literature
edit- Roger Joussaume: La culture de Cerny: Nouvelle economie, nouvelle societe au Neolithique : actes du colloque international de Nemours, 1994