The Bronze Medal for Merit, post-nominal letters BMM, was instituted by the President of the Republic of South Africa in April 1996. It was awarded to veteran cadres of the Azanian People's Liberation Army, the military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress, for service of a high order during the "struggle".[1][2]
| Bronze Medal for Merit | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | Military decoration for merit |
| Awarded for | Service of a high order |
| Country |   South Africa |
| Presented by | the President |
| Eligibility | Azanian People's Liberation Army cadres |
| Post-nominals | BMM |
| Campaign(s) | The "struggle" |
| Status | Discontinued in 2003 |
| Established | 1996 |
 Ribbon bar | |
| APLA 1996 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear | |
| Next (higher) | APLA precedence:
SANDF precedence:
|
| Next (lower) | APLA succession:
SANDF succession:
|
Azanian People's Liberation Army
editThe Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) was the para-military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). It was established in 1961 to wage an armed "struggle" against the Nationalist government inside South Africa. On 27 April 1994, the Azanian People's Liberation Army was amalgamated with six other military forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).[1][3][4]
Institution
editThe Bronze Medal for Merit, post-nominal letters BMM, was instituted by the President of South Africa in April 1996. It is the junior award of a set of three decorations for merit, along with the Gold Decoration for Merit and the Silver Medal for Merit.[1][2][5]
The Azanian People's Liberation Army's military decorations and medals were modelled on those of the South African Defence Force. These three decorations are the approximate equivalents of, respectively, the Southern Cross Decoration and Pro Merito Decoration, the Southern Cross Medal (1975) and Pro Merito Medal (1975), and the Military Merit Medal.[5]
Award criteria
editThe decoration could be awarded to veteran cadres of the Azanian People's Liberation Army who had rendered service of a high order during the "struggle".[1]
Order of wear
editThe position of the Bronze Medal for Merit in the official military and national orders of precedence was revised upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003, but it remained unchanged.[5][6]
- Azanian People's Liberation Army
- Official APLA order of precedence:
- Preceded by the Silver Medal for Merit (SMM).
- Succeeded by the Operational Medal for Southern Africa.[5]
- South African National Defence Force until 26 April 2003
- Official SANDF order of precedence:
- Preceded by the Transkei Defence Force Medal of the Republic of Transkei.
- Succeeded by the Merit Medal in Bronze (MMB) of Umkhonto we Sizwe.[5]
- Official national order of precedence:
- Preceded by the Transkei Defence Force Medal of the Republic of Transkei.
- Succeeded by the Merit Medal in Bronze (MMB) of Umkhonto we Sizwe.[5]
Description
edit- Obverse
The Bronze Medal for Merit was struck in bronze and has an engrailed edge which has nine points, to fit in a circle 38 millimetres in diameter. It depicts the Azanian People's Liberation Army emblem and a protea flower in each of the nine points.[1][7][8]
- Ribbon
The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide and dark blue, with two 6 millimetres wide dark yellow bands in the centre, spaced 4 millimetres apart.[1][7][8]
Discontinuation
editConferment of the Bronze Medal for Merit was discontinued upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003.[6]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f South African Medal Website - Liberation armies (Accessed 30 April 2015)
- ^ a b South African Medal Website - Post-nominal Letters (Accessed 28 April 2015)
- ^ "Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe". African National Congress. 16 December 1961. Archived from the original on 17 December 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-30.
- ^ Warrant of the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of the "UNITAS MEDAL-UNITAS-MEDALJE", Gazette no. 16087 dated 25 November 1994.
- ^ a b c d e f Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, OCLC 72827981
- ^ a b Presidential Warrant by the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of Honours for Bravery in the South African National Defence Force, Gazette no. 25213 dated 25 July 2003.
- ^ a b "Uniform: SA Army: Former Forces Medals - Azanian Peoples Liberation Army (APLA)". Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
- ^ a b Apla Merit Medal with miniature Archived 6 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine