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Bromocresol purple

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Bromocresol purple (BCP) or 5′,5″-dibromo-o-cresolsulfophthalein, is a dye of the triphenylmethane family (triarylmethane dyes) and a pH indicator. It is colored yellow below pH 5.2, and violet above pH 6.8. In its cyclic sulfonate ester form, it has a pKa value of 6.3, and is usually prepared as a 0.04% aqueous solution.[1]

Bromocresol purple
Skeletal formula of bromocresol purple in cyclic form
Ball-and-stick model of the bromocresol purple molecule in cyclic form
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
3,3-Bis(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2,1λ6-benzoxathiole-1,1(3H)-dione
Other names
5′,5′′-Dibromo-o-cresolsulfonephthalein
Bromcresol purple
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.716 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 204-087-8
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C21H16Br2O5S/c1-11-7-13(9-16(22)19(11)24)21(14-8-12(2)20(25)17(23)10-14)15-5-3-4-6-18(15)29(26,27)28-21/h3-10,24-25H,1-2H3 checkY
    Key: ABIUHPWEYMSGSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C21H16Br2O5S/c1-11-7-13(9-16(22)19(11)24)21(14-8-12(2)20(25)17(23)10-14)15-5-3-4-6-18(15)29(26,27)28-21/h3-10,24-25H,1-2H3
    Key: ABIUHPWEYMSGSR-UHFFFAOYAH
  • InChI=1/C21H17BrO5S/c1-12-9-14(7-8-18(12)23)21(15-10-13(2)20(24)17(22)11-15)16-5-3-4-6-19(16)28(25,26)27-21/h3-11,23-24H,1-2H3
  • Brc1c(O)c(cc(c1)C3(OS(=O)(=O)c2ccccc23)c4cc(c(O)c(Br)c4)C)C
Properties
C21H16Br2O5S
Molar mass 540.22 g·mol−1
Appearance Purple powder
Melting point 241 to 242 °C (466 to 468 °F; 514 to 515 K) (decomposition)
< 0.1 %
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319, H335
P261, P264, P271, P280, P302 P352, P304 P340, P305 P351 P338, P312, P321, P332 P313, P337 P313, P362, P403 P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
0
0
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Uses

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A sample of bromocresol purple in its violet form
Bromocresol purple (pH indicator)
below pH 5.2 above pH 6.8
5.2 ⇌ 6.8

Bromocresol purple is used in medical laboratories to measure albumin. Use of BCP in this application may provide some advantage over older methods using bromocresol green.[2][3] In microbiology, it is used for staining dead cells based on their acidity, and for the isolation and assaying of lactic acid bacteria.[4][5]

In photographic processing, it can be used as an additive to acid stop baths to indicate that the bath has reached neutral pH and needs to be replaced.[6]

Bromocresol purple milk solids glucose agar is used as a medium used to distinguish dermatophytes from bacteria and other organisms in cases of ringworm fungus (T. verrucosum) infestation in cattle and other animals.[7][8]

pH Indicator

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Similar to bromocresol green, the structure of bromocresol purple changes with pH. Changing the level of acidity causes a shift in the equilibrium between two different structures that have different colors. In near-neutral or alkaline solution, the chemical has a sulfonate structure that gives the solution a purple color. As the pH decreases, it converts to a sultone (cyclic sulfonic ester) that colors the solution yellow. In some microbiology tests, this change is used as an indicator of bacterial growth.[9][10]

 

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Bromocresol Purple". NCBI PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information.
  2. ^ Bachmann, Lorin M.; Yu, Min; Boyd, James C.; Bruns, David E.; Miller, W. Greg (2017-03-01). "State of Harmonization of 24 Serum Albumin Measurement Procedures and Implications for Medical Decisions". Clinical Chemistry. 63 (3): 770–779. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2016.262899. ISSN 0009-9147. PMID 28073902.
  3. ^ Ito, Shigenori; Yamamoto, Daisuke (2010-02-02). "Mechanism for the color change in bromocresol purple bound to human serum albumin". Clinica Chimica Acta. 411 (3): 294–295. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2009.11.019. PMID 19932090.
  4. ^ Kurzweilová, H.; Sigler, K. (November 1993). "Fluorescent staining with bromocresol purple: a rapid method for determining yeast cell dead count developed as an assay of killer toxin activity". Yeast. 9 (11): 1207–1211. doi:10.1002/yea.320091107. PMID 7509098. S2CID 44782970.
  5. ^ Lee, H.M.; Lee, Y. (June 2008). "A differential medium for lactic acid-producing bacteria in a mixed culture". Letters in Applied Microbiology. 46 (6): 676–681. doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02371.x. PMID 18444977.  
  6. ^ Anchell, Steve (2016). The Darkroom Cookbook (4 ed.). Routledge. ISBN 9781317337607 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ Kane, J.; Summerbell, R.; Sigler, L.; Krajden, S.; Land, G. (1997). Laboratory Handbook of Dermatophytes: A Clinical Guide and Laboratory Handbook of Dermatophytes and Other Filamentous Fungi from Skin, Hair, and Nails. Belmont, CA: Star Publishing Company. ISBN 9780898631579.
  8. ^ Beneke, E. S.; Rogers, A. L. (1996). Medical Mycology and Human Mycoses (illustrated ed.). Belmont, CA: Star Publishing Company. pp. 85–90. ISBN 9780898631753.
  9. ^ "Bromocresol Purple - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics".
  10. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2022-02-16. Retrieved 2022-02-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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