Biryulka (Russian: Бирю́лька) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kachugsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Lena River near its headwaters northwest of Lake Baikal.
Biryulka
Бирюлька | |
|---|---|
Location of Biryulka  | |
  Biryulka Location of Biryulka  Biryulka Biryulka (Irkutsk Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 53°50′21″N 106°23′39″E / 53.83917°N 106.39417°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Irkutsk Oblast |
| Administrative district | Kachugsky District[1] |
| Founded | 1668[2] |
| Elevation | 548 m (1,798 ft) |
| • Municipal district | Kachugsky Municipal District[3] |
| • Rural settlement | Biryulskoye Rural Settlement[3] |
| • Capital of | Biryulskoye Rural Settlement[3] |
| Time zone | UTC 8 (MSK 5  [4]) |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 666220 |
| Dialing code(s) | 7 39540[6] |
| OKTMO ID | 25618407101 |
Ice bridge in the selo of Biryulka Ледовая переправа через Лену в селе Бирюлька | |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 53°52′07″N 106°19′37″E / 53.8686°N 106.3269°E |
| Carries | Automotive, foot |
| Crosses | Lena River |
| Locale | Biryulka, Kachugsky District, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Ice platform[7] |
| Material | Ice[7] |
| Piers in water | 0[7] |
| Load limit | 20 tonnes[7] |
| Clearance above | 0[7] |
| History | |
| Opened | Every winter[7] |
| Closed | Every spring |
| Location | |
 | |
Lena River from a source to Kachug |
|---|
Etymology
editBiryulka is named after the small Bira River, the name of which in turn comes from an Evenk word.
History
editIn 1688, sixteen peasant families settled here.[2] The founders were Stepan Alexandrovich and Mikhail Kostyakov. The Yakutsk stavlenik Onichkov allocated them an average of 1 arpent (0.34 ha) per family. It seems that seven of these families were exiles and nine were of freed serfs. The population increased quickly through natural increase and immigration. Other villages developed in the area around Biryulka. Biryulskaya Volost, subordinate to Yakutsk, was eventually established.[2] In 1696, the inhabitants of Biryulka staged a revolt led by Pavel Khaletsky.[8]
At the beginning of the 20th century, well-known archeologist Alexey Okladnikov went to school here, but later moved to the selo of Anga where he finished secondary school in 1925.[8][9] One of the streets in Biryulka is named after him.
One of the battles of the Great Siberian Ice March, a retreat of the White Army east across Lake Baikal, took place near Biryulka in 1920.[10]
A number of inhabitants were arrested during the Great Purge.[11]
Politics
editMunicipally, Biryulka is the administrative center of the Biryulskoye Rural Settlement in Kachugsky Municipal District, the head of which is Tatyana Sergeyeva, of the United Russia party who was elected in October 2009.[12]
Economy and infrastructure
editBiryulka is well known for the manufacture of shallow-draft river boats called shitiks, which have been used on the upper Lena for centuries.[13]
Near Biryulka is the archaeological site of Mokrushinsky burial ground. Work has been conducted since the 1980s, in part by students and archeologists.[14]
In 2006, a volunteer fire department was organized with its own fire-engine and a water tower.[15]
In winter, there is a winter road with an ice-bridge across the Lena River. This is the uppermost crossing of the Lena.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b c Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 25 218 807», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 25 218 807, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c Энциклопедия «Качугский район от А до Я» (in Russian)
- ^ a b c Law #71-oz
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Russian Post. Biryulka Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ "Главная /Россия /Бирюлька, Ирк. обл. /". komandirovka.ru. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ a b c d e f g В Качугском районе открылись ледовые переправы через р.Лену. Transport (in Russian). Federation news. 2006-12-11. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ a b Larichev, V. (1998). Объять необъятное!. "Наука в Сибири" (in Russian). Archived from the original on February 28, 2012. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
- ^ Окладников Алексей Павлович. warheroes.ru/ (in Russian). Retrieved September 19, 2012.
- ^ Ледяной поход 3-го Барнаульского стрелкового полка (Северный путь) (in Russian). Тернистый путь. Однодневная газета. 1 февраля 1921 г. Издание Владивостокского объединенного комитета по устройству недели каппелевцев. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
- ^ Списки жертв (in Russian). memo.ru. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ В Бирюльке появилась своя дума. Politic (in Russian). Irkutsk, Russia: Independent news agency - Baikal. 2009-10-14. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
- ^ Ivanova, Maria (2007). Реа Лена: От истока до устья. Якутск вечерний (in Russian). Retrieved 2009-11-04.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Археологическое объединение учащихся ЦДЮТиК (in Russian). ЦДЮТиК. 2003. Archived from the original on 2011-10-09. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ Добровольно вызвались идти в огонь. News and Events (in Russian). 0-1.ru. 2007-06-17. Archived from the original on 2011-09-02. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
External links
edit- "Building the Ice Bridge Over the Lena River". Video (in Dutch). YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-20. Retrieved November 20, 2009.