A biological reserve (Portuguese: Reserva biológica, Rebio) in Brazil is a legally defined type of protected area of Brazil, a conservation unit that aims for full preservation of biota and other natural attributes without human interference. It may be visited only with prior approval of the responsible agency, and only for research or educational purposes.
Definition
editA "Biological reserve" in Brazil is one of the Integral Protection Units defined by Article 13 of Law No. 9,985 of 18 July 2000, National System of Nature Conservation Units (SNUC). The biological reserve is public property. When it is established any private lands within its limits are expropriated.[1] The manager of the biological reserve must prepare a management plan for approval by the responsible agency. The approved management plan is accessible by the public.[2]
This category of conservation unit aims at full preservation of biota and other natural attributes without direct human interference or environmental changes. The exception is for measures to recover altered ecosystems and management actions required to restore and preserve natural balance, biological diversity and natural ecological processes. Public access is prohibited with the exception of visits for educational purposes as defined in management plan. Research may be conducted after prior approval of the responsible agency and is also subject to the agency's conditions and restrictions.[3]
Selected list
edit| Name | Level | State | Area (ha) | Created | Biome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abufari | Federal | Amazonas | 288,000 | 1982 | Amazon |
| Andradina | State | São Paulo | 168 | 1985 | Atlantic Forest |
| Araras | State | Rio de Janeiro | 3,862 | 1977 | Atlantic Forest |
| Araucárias | Federal | Paraná | 14,919 | 2006 | Atlantic Forest |
| Atol das Rocas | Federal | Rio Grande do Norte | 36,249 | 1979 | Coastal Marine |
| Augusto Ruschi | Federal | Espírito Santo | 4,000 | 1982 | Atlantic Forest |
| Banhados do Delta | State | Rio Grande do Sul | 17,245 | 1976 | Coastal Marine |
| Bom Jesus | Federal | Paraná | 34,179 | 2012 | Atlantic Forest |
| Canela Preta | State | Santa Catarina | 1,899 | 1980 | Atlantic Forest |
| Carmo da Mata | State | Minas Gerais | 86 | 1974 | (closed) |
| Colônia 31 de Março | State | Minas Gerais | 5,030 | 1974 | (closed) |
| Comboios | Federal | Espírito Santo | 833 | 1984 | Coastal Marine |
| Contagem | Federal | Federal District | 3,460 | 2002 | Cerrado |
| Córrego do Veado | Federal | Espírito Santo | 2,392 | 1982 | Atlantic Forest |
| Córrego Grande | Federal | Bahia, Espírito Santo | 1,504 | 1989 | Atlantic Forest |
| Culuene | State | Mato Grosso | 3,900 | 1989 | Amazon |
| Duas Bocas | State | Espírito Santo | 2,910 | 1991 | Atlantic Forest |
| Fazenda São Mateus | State | Minas Gerais | 377 | 1974 | (closed) |
| Fontes do Ipiranga | State | São Paulo | 357 | 1969 | Atlantic Forest |
| Guaporé | Federal | Rondônia | 600,000 | 1982 | Amazon |
| Guaratiba | State | Rio de Janeiro | 3,360 | 1974 | Coastal Marine |
| Guaribas | Federal | Paraíba | 4,321 | 1990 | Atlantic Forest |
| Gurupi | Federal | Maranhão | 341,650 | 1988 | Amazon |
| Ibirapuitã | State | Rio Grande do Sul | 351 | 1982 | Pampas |
| Ilha do Cabo Frio | Municipal | Rio de Janeiro | 700 | 1990 | Coastal Marine |
| Jaíba | State | Minas Gerais | 6,358 | 1973 | Caatinga |
| Jaru | Federal | Rondônia | 353,335 | 1961 | Amazon |
| Lago Piratuba | Federal | Amapá | 357,000 | 1980 | Amazon |
| Lami José Lutzenberger | Municipal | Rio Grande do Sul | 179 | 1975 | Coastal Marine |
| Lapinha | State | Minas Gerais | 369 | 1974 | Atlantic Forest |
| Maicuru | State | Pará | 1,151,761 | 2006 | Amazon |
| Manicoré | Federal | Amazonas | 359,063 | 2016 | Amazon |
| Marinha do Arvoredo | Federal | Santa Catarina | 17,600 | 1990 | Coastal Marine |
| Mata Escura | Federal | Minas Gerais | 50,890 | 2003 | Atlantic Forest |
| Mata Paludosa | State | Rio Grande do Sul | 272 | 1998 | Atlantic Forest |
| Mogi-Guaçu | State | São Paulo | 469 | 1942 | Cerrado |
| Morro dos Seis Lagos | State | Amazonas | 36,900 | 1990 | Amazon |
| Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo | Federal | Pará | 342,478 | 2005 | Amazon |
| Parazinho | State | Amapá | 111 | 1985 | Amazon |
| Pedra Talhada | Federal | Alagoas, Pernambuco | 4,469 | 1989 | Atlantic Forest |
| Perobas | Federal | Paraná | 8,716 | 2006 | Atlantic Forest |
| Pindorama | State | São Paulo | 533 | 1986 | Atlantic Forest |
| Poço das Antas | Federal | Rio de Janeiro | 5,000 | 1974 | Atlantic Forest |
| Praia do Sul | State | Rio de Janeiro | 3,502 | 1981 | Coastal Marine |
| Professor José Ângelo Rizzo | University | Goiás | 144 | 1969 | Cerrado |
| Rio Ouro Preto | State | Rondônia | 46,438 | 1990 | Amazon |
| Rio Trombetas | Federal | Pará | 385,000 | 1979 | Amazon |
| Saltinho | Federal | Pernambuco | 548 | 1983 | Atlantic Forest |
| Santa Isabel | Federal | Sergipe | 2,766 | 1988 | Coastal Marine |
| Santa Rita | Municipal | Minas Gerais | 305 | 1980 | Atlantic Forest |
| São Donato | State | Rio Grande do Sul | 4,392 | 1975 | Pampas |
| São Sebastião do Paraíso | State | Minas Gerais | 248 | 1974 | Atlantic Forest |
| Serra Negra | Federal | Pernambuco | 1,100 | 1982 | Atlantic Forest |
| Sooretama | Federal | Espírito Santo | 24,000 | 1982 | Atlantic Forest |
| Tamboré | Municipal | São Paulo | 367 | Atlantic Forest | |
| Tapirapé | Federal | Pará | 103,000 | 1989 | Amazon |
| Tinguá | Federal | Rio de Janeiro | 26,000 | 1989 | Atlantic Forest |
| Traçadal | State | Rondônia | 22,540 | 1990 | Amazon |
| Uatumã | Federal | Amazonas | 940,358 | 1990 | Amazon |
| Una | Federal | Bahia | 18,500 | 1980 | Atlantic Forest |
| União | Federal | Rio de Janeiro | 3,126 | 1998 | Atlantic Forest |
| Vila Facchini | State | São Paulo | 70 | 1965 | Atlantic Forest |
Notes
editSources
edit- Categorias de unidades de conservação (in Portuguese), Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, archived from the original on 2016-05-23, retrieved 2016-04-23
- Decreto Nº 4.340, de 22 de Agosto de 2002, Presidência da República - Casa Civil - Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, August 22, 2002, retrieved 1 January 2012
- LEI No 9.985, DE 18 DE JULHO DE 2000, Presidência da República - Casa Civil- Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, 18 July 2000, retrieved 1 January 2012