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B. P. Schulberg

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B. P. Schulberg (born Percival Schulberg, January 19, 1892 – February 25, 1957) was an American pioneer film producer and film studio executive.

B. P. Schulberg
Schulberg in 1914
Born
Percival Schulberg

January 19, 1892
Bridgeport, Connecticut, U.S.
DiedFebruary 25, 1957(1957-02-25) (aged 65)
Key Biscayne, Florida, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Other namesBenjamin Schulberg
Occupation(s)Film producer, film studio executive
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1913; div. 1933)​
Children3, including Budd
FamilySam Jaffe (brother-in-law)

Biography

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Born Percival Schulberg in Bridgeport, Connecticut, he took the name Benjamin from the boy in front of him when registering for school to avoid mockery for his name.

Schulberg was impressed with Edwin S. Porter's films and managed to get a job with the famous director as a scenario writer.[1] He became a publicity manager at Famous Players–Lasky, but in the power struggle around the formation of United Artists ended up on the losing side and lost his job.[1] The public later learned that it was Schulberg's idea to bring together the "Big-4" before they were ever founded.[2] He was one of the founding members of the Associated Motion Picture Advertisers.[3]

In 1919, at age 27, he founded Preferred Pictures and built it around actress Katherine MacDonald. In 1923, his old school-mate and associate Jack Bachman convinced him to offer a New York starlet, 18-year-old Clara Bow, a three-month trial contract.[4] Within days of her arrival, she was made part of the studio permanent stock.[5]

On October 21, 1925, Schulberg's Preferred Pictures filed for bankruptcy, with debts of $820,774 and assets of just $1,420 due to his addiction to gambling.[6] Three days later it was announced that Schulberg would join with Adolph Zukor and became associate producer of Paramount Pictures, bringing his organization, i.e. Clara Bow.[7]

As head of production at Paramount, Schulberg produced hits starring Bow including It and Wings, which went on to win the first Academy Award for Best Picture at the first award ceremony in 1929.[8]

Schulberg used his background in publicity to create some of the best-known phrases and slogans in film. He dubbed Mary Pickford "America's Sweetheart," and came up with the slogans "Famous Players in Famous Plays" and "If it's a Paramount Picture, it's the best show in town."[9] During his time at Paramount, he also helped to launch the careers of Cary Grant, Ernst Lubitsch, Emil Jannings, Maurice Chevalier, Marlene Dietrich and Shirley Temple.[8]

In an era when the film industry was filled with conservative studio executives, B. P. Schulberg was a "New Deal" liberal, described by Moving Pictures magazine as "a political liberal in the reactionary world of Mayer and Hearst."

In 1931, Paramount top-star Clara Bow left the studio, and within a year Schulberg was "squeezed out" and went back to independent film-production.[10] In 1937, Paramount stopped distributing his films and he remained out of the business until 1940 when he began producing for Columbia Pictures. He produced six films for Columbia in three years.

In 1950, after feeling forgotten and underappreciated by Hollywood, he unsuccessfully offered his services in the film trade papers.[11] He suffered a stroke the same year and retired permanently.[8] Schulberg died at his home in Key Biscayne, Florida, on February 25, 1957. His son Budd stated in 1981 "I completely supported him for the last five years of his life".[10]

For his contribution to the motion picture industry, B. P. Schulberg has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1500 Vine Street. The Paramount studios' "Production Building" was renamed the "Schulberg Building" in his honor.

Personal life

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In 1913, he married Adeline Jaffe who was also Jewish.[12] Adeline had founded a talent agency, taken over by her brother, producer/talent agent Sam Jaffe. They became the parents of renowned novelist and screenwriter, Budd Schulberg, producer Stuart Schulberg, and writer Sonya Schulberg O'Sullivan. In 1931, Schulberg left his family to live with actress Sylvia Sidney.[13] Schulberg and Adeline divorced in 1933.[12]

Partial filmography

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References

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  1. ^ a b Moving Pictures, Budd Schulberg, p.100, 1981, Allison & Busby, London UK, ISBN 0-7490-0127-5
  2. ^ Jobes, Gertrude (1966). Motion Picture Empire. Connecticut: Archon Books. p. 228.
  3. ^ "Movie Ad Men in Association". The Fourth Estate. August 5, 1916. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
  4. ^ "My life, by Clara Bow". Told to and edited by Adela Rogers St. Johns. Published by Photoplay Magazine in February, March and April 1928
  5. ^ Morning Avalanche, August 5, 1923
  6. ^ New York Times, October 22, 1925
  7. ^ Associated Press news-wire, October 24, 1925
  8. ^ a b c "B. P. Schulberg Dies in His Sleep at 65; Headed Par Prod". Variety. February 27, 1957. p. 7. Retrieved June 8, 2019 – via Archive.org.
  9. ^ Beck, Nicholas (2001). Budd Schulberg: A Bio-Bibliography. Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. p. 2. ISBN 0810840359.
  10. ^ a b The Post, October 2, 1981
  11. ^ Indiana Evening Gazette, p6, January 21, 1950
  12. ^ a b Jewish Women's Archive: "Adeline Schulberg - 1895 – 1977" by Mik Moore; retrieved August 30, 2015
  13. ^ People: "Budd Schulberg - Exiled Long Ago for the Secrets He Did Not Keep, the Author of 'What Makes Sammy Run?' Looks Back on Hollywood Past and Present" by Ken Gross; December 18, 1989
 
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