The Alachua Formation is a Miocene geologic formation in Florida. The claystones, sandstones and phosphorites of the formation preserve many fossils of mammals, birds, reptiles and fish, among others megalodon.
| Alachua Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Early-Late Miocene (Hemingfordian-Hemphillian) ~ | |
| Type | Formation |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Claystone, sandstone |
| Other | Phosphorite |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 29°42′N 82°36′W / 29.7°N 82.6°W |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 29°48′N 80°54′W / 29.8°N 80.9°W |
| Region | Florida |
| Country |  United States |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Alachua, Florida |
  Alachua Formation (the United States)  Alachua Formation (Florida) | |
Fossil content
editThe formation has provided the following fossils.[1]
Mammals
edit- Rodents
- Carnivora
- Amphicyon longiramus
- Borophagus orc
- B. pugnator
- Cynelos caroniavorus
- Enhydritherium terraenovae
- Epicyon haydeni
- E. saevus
- Eucyon davisi
- Euoplocyon spissidens
- Leptarctus ancipidens
- Metatomarctus canavus
- Oligobunis floridanus
- Osbornodon iamonensis
- Phoberocyon johnhenryi
- Zodiolestes freundi
- Borophagus sp.
- Phlaocyon sp.
- Sthenictis sp.
- Felidae indet.
- Mustelinae indet.
- Ground sloths
- Gomphotheres
- Artiodactyls
- Aepycamelus major
- Diabolocornis simonsi
- Floridachoerus olseni
- Floridameryx floridanus
- Floridatragulus dolichanthereus
- Hemiauchenia minima
- Machaeromeryx gilchristensis
- Nothokemas floridanus
- Parablastomeryx floridanus
- Pediomeryx hemphillensis
- Prosynthetoceras texanus
- Synthetoceras australis
- S. cf. tricornatus
- Yumaceras hamiltoni
- Aepycamelus sp.
- Hemiauchenia sp.
- Merycoidodon sp.
- Antilocapridae indet.
- Camelidae indet.
- Ruminantia indet.
- Tayassuidae indet.
- Tayassuinae indet.
- Soricomorpha
- Perissodactyls
- Anchitherium clarencei
- Aphelops malacorhinus
- A. mutilus
- Archaeohippus blackbergi
- Calippus elachistus
- Calippus hondurensis
- Calippus maccartyi
- Cormohipparion emsliei
- C. ingenuum
- C. plicatile
- Floridaceras whitei
- Menoceras barbouri
- Nannippus aztecus
- N. morgani
- N. westoni
- Neohipparion trampasense
- Parahippus leonensis
- Protohippus gidleyi
- Pseudhipparion skinneri
- Tapirus webbi
- Teleoceras proterum
- Hipparion cf. tehonense
- cf. Astrohippus sp.
- Dinohippus sp.
- Sirenians
- Lipotyphla
- Theriiformes
Birds
editReptiles
edit- Turtles
- Crocodiles
- Snakes
- Anilioides minuatus
- Boa constrictor
- Calamagras floridanus
- Ogmophis pauperrimus
- Paraoxybelis floridanus
- Pseudocemophora antiqua
- Pterygoboa sp.
- Lizards
Amphibians
edit- Anurans
- Salamanders
Fish
edit- Sharks
- Rays
- Others
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Alachua Formation at Fossilworks.org
Bibliography
edit- C. Pimiento. 2014. Carcharocles megalodon unpublished collections from Natural History Museums around the world
- Hulbert, Richard C., Jr. (1988). "Calippus and Protohippus (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae) from the Miocene (Barstovian-early Hemphillian) of the Gulf Coastal Plain" (PDF). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences. 32 (3): 221–340.221-340&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Hulbert&rft.aufirst=Richard C., Jr.&rft_id=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Vol-32-No-3.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Webb, S. David; MacFadden, Bruce J.; Baskin, Jon A. (May 1981). "Geology and paleontology of the Love Bone Bed from the Late Miocene of Florida". American Journal of Science. 281 (5): 513–544. Bibcode:1981AmJS..281..513W. doi:10.2475/ajs.281.5.513.513-544&rft.date=1981-05&rft_id=info:doi/10.2475/ajs.281.5.513&rft_id=info:bibcode/1981AmJS..281..513W&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=S. David&rft.au=MacFadden, Bruce J.&rft.au=Baskin, Jon A.&rft_id=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274819211&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">
- Hirschfeld, Sue E.; Webb, S. David (1968). "Plio-Pleistocene Megalonychid Sloths of North America" (PDF). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum. 12 (5): 213–296.213-296&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Hirschfeld&rft.aufirst=Sue E.&rft.au=Webb, S. David&rft_id=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Vol-12-No-5.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">
- Webb, S. David (August 1966). "A Relict Species of the Burrowing Rodent, Mylagaulus, from the Pliocene of Florida". Journal of Mammalogy. 47 (3): 401–412. doi:10.2307/1377681. JSTOR 1377681.401-412&rft.date=1966-08&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307/1377681&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1377681#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=S. David&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">
- Auffenberg, Walter (1963). "Fossil testudinine turtles of Florida: genera Geochelone and Floridemys" (PDF). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences. 7 (2): 53–97.53-97&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Auffenberg&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Vol-7-No-2.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">
- Pirkle, E. C. (December 1956). "The Hawthorne and Alachua Formations of Alachua County, Florida". Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 19 (4): 197–240. JSTOR 24315224.197-240&rft.date=1956-12&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24315224#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Pirkle&rft.aufirst=E. C.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">
- White, T. E. (1942). "The Lower Miocene mammal fauna of Florida". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 92 (1): 1–49.1-49&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=T. E.&rft_id=https://archive.org/details/biostor-97887/page/n25/mode/2up&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">
- Simpson, George Gaylord (1930). "Tertiary Land Mammals of Florida". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 59 (3): 1–64.1-64&rft.date=1930&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=George Gaylord&rft_id=https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/items/25eeafe2-6ba5-4151-8b3f-640a4c8c9eff&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alachua Formation" class="Z3988">