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1890 United States House of Representatives elections

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The 1890 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 4, 1890, with five states holding theirs early in between June and October. They occurred in the middle of President Benjamin Harrison's term. Elections were held for 332 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 44 states, to serve in the 52nd United States Congress. Special elections were also held throughout the year.

1890 United States House of Representatives elections
← 1888 June 3, 1890 – November 4, 1890 1892 →
All 332 seats in the United States House of Representatives
167 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party Third party
 
Leader Charles Frederick Crisp Thomas Brackett Reed Jerry Simpson
Party Democratic Republican Populist
Leader's seat Georgia 3rd Maine 1st Kansas 7th
Last election 152 seats 179 seats 0 seats
Seats won 238[1][a] 86[1][a] 8[1][a]
Seat change Increase 86 Decrease 93 Increase 8
Popular vote 4,945,756 4,173,605 182,797
Percentage 50.71% 42.80% 1.87%
Swing Increase 2.03% Decrease 4.56% New
Results:
     Democratic gain      Republican gain
     Democratic hold      Republican hold
     Populist gain
Speaker before election

Thomas Reed
Republican

Elected Speaker

Charles Crisp
Democratic

A stagnant economy which became worse after the Panic of 1890, combined with a lack of support for then-Representative William McKinley's (defeated in the election) steep tariff act, which favored large industries at the expense of consumers, led to a sharp defeat for Harrison's Republican Party, giving a large majority to the Democratic Party and presaging Harrison's defeat in the 1892 United States presidential election. The Republican-controlled Congress was highly criticized for its lavish spending, and it earned the unflattering nickname of The Billion Dollar Congress. The Democrats promised to cut the outlandish budget.

Furthermore, aggressive Republican promotion of controversial English-only education laws enacted by Wisconsin and Illinois in 1889, accompanied by a surge in nativist and anti-Catholic sentiment within the state parties, had greatly hollowed out the party's support base in these former strongholds. A rare multi-confessional alliance of mainly German clergy rallied their flocks in defense of language and faith to the Democratic Party, which tore through incumbent Republican majorities in both states, capturing a total of 11 formerly Republican seats between them alone.[2] Bitterly divisive struggles over temperance laws had also been alienating immigrants from the increasingly prohibitionist Republican Party across the Midwest more broadly. Dramatic losses in the previous year's gubernatorial elections in Iowa and Ohio (which would lose another 14 Republican congressional seats between them during this election) were due in no small part to wet immigrant communities, especially Germans, expressing their resentment toward Republican efforts to ban or otherwise curtail alcohol consumption by throwing their support behind the Democratic candidates.[3]

This election also saw the Populist Party, a coalition of farmers and laborers who wanted to overhaul the nation's financial system, make a small mark on Congress.

Special elections

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Election summaries

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↓
238 8 86
Democratic P Republican
State Type Total
seats 		Democratic Populist Republican
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Alabama District 8 8   1 0   0   1
Arkansas District 5 5   2 0   1[b] 0   1
California District 6 2   0   4  
Colorado At-large 1 0   0   1  
Connecticut District 4 3   2 0   1   2
Delaware At-large 1 1   0   0  
Florida District 2 2   0   0  
Georgia District 10 10   0   0  
Idaho[c] At-large 1 0   0   1  
Illinois District 20 14   7 0   6   7
Indiana District 13 11   1 0   2   1
Iowa District 11 6   5 0   5   5
Kansas District 7 0   5   5 2   5
Kentucky District 11 10   1 0   1   1
Louisiana District 6 6   1 0   0   1
Maine[c] District 4 0   0   4  
Maryland District 6 6   3 0   0   3
Massachusetts District 12 7   5 0   5   5
Michigan District 11 8   6 0   3   6
Minnesota District 5 3   3 1   1 1   4
Mississippi District 7 7   0   0  
Missouri District 14 14   4 0   0   4
Montana At-large 1 1   1 0   0   1
Nebraska District 3 1   1 2   2 0   3
Nevada At-large 1 0   0   1  
New Hampshire District 2 2   2 0   0   2
New Jersey District 7 5   2 0   2   2
New York District 34 23   8 0   11   8
North Carolina District 9 8   2 0   1   2
North Dakota At-large 1 0   0   1  
Ohio District 21 14   9 0   7   9
Oregon[c] At-large 1 0   0   1  
Pennsylvania District 28 11   4 0   17   4
Rhode Island District 2 2   2 0   0   2
South Carolina District 7 7   0   0  
South Dakota At-large 2 0   0   2  
Tennessee District 10 8   1 0   2   1
Texas District 11 11   0   0  
Vermont[c] District 2 0   0   2  
Virginia District 10 10   4 0   0   4
Washington At-large 1 0   0   1  
West Virginia District 4 4   2 0   0   2
Wisconsin District 9 8   6 0   1   6
Wyoming[c] At-large 1 0   0   1  
Total 332 238[5]
71.7% 		  74 8[5]
2.4% 		  9 86[5]
25.9% 		  83
Popular vote
Democratic
 
 50.71%
Republican
 
 42.80%
Populist
 
 1.87%
Others
 
 4.62%
House seats
Democratic
 
 71.69%
Republican
 
 25.90%
Populist
 
 2.41%

The previous election of 1888 saw the election of one Labor Party representative in Arkansas.

 
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80 % Democratic
  
  80 % Republican
  60 % to 80% Democratic
  60 % to 80% Populist
  60 % to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  
  Up to 60% Republican
 
Net gain in party representation
  6 Democratic gain
  
  6 Republican gain
  3-5 Democratic gain
  3-5 Populist gain
  3-5 Republican gain
  1-2 Democratic gain
  1-2 Populist gain
  1-2 Republican gain
  no net change

Early election dates

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In 1890, five states, with 9 seats among them, held elections early:

Idaho and Wyoming held elections for both the outgoing 51st Congress and the incoming 52nd Congress in 1890, having been admitted that year, and held future elections on the standard election day.

Alabama

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See also: List of United States representatives from Alabama

Arkansas

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See also: List of United States representatives from Arkansas

California

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Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives elections in California
See also: List of United States representatives from California
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
California 1 Vacant Incumbent resigned October 1, 1890.
Democratic gain.
California 2 Marion Biggs Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
California 3 Joseph McKenna Republican 1884 Incumbent re-elected.
California 4 William W. Morrow Republican 1884 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y John T. Cutting (Republican) 49.2%
  • ▌Robert Ferral (Democratic) 45.1%
  • ▌Thomas V. Cator (Socialist) 5.6%
  • ▌Joseph Rowell (Prohibition) 0.2%
California 5 Thomas J. Clunie Democratic 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
California 6 William Vandever Republican 1886 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y William W. Bowers (Republican) 51.1%
  • ▌W. J. Curtis (Democratic) 44.1%
  • ▌O. R. Dougherty (Prohibition) 4.8%

Colorado

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See also: List of United States representatives from Colorado
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Colorado at-large Hosea Townsend Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Hosea Townsend (Republican) 51.3%
  • ▌T. J. O'Donnell (Democratic) 41.3%
  • ▌J. D. Burr (Independent) 12.0%[6]

Connecticut

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See also: List of United States representatives from Connecticut
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[7]
Connecticut 1 William E. Simonds Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Connecticut 2 Washington F. Willcox Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Washington F. Willcox (Democratic) 52.9%
  • ▌Josiah M. Hubbard (Republican) 44.9%
  • ▌Charles F. Whittemore (Prohibition) 2.2%
Connecticut 3 Charles A. Russell Republican 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Charles A. Russell (Republican) 50.7%
  • ▌David A. Wells (Democratic) 45.9%
  • ▌Herbert J. Crocker (Prohibition) 3.3%
Connecticut 4 Frederick Miles Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

Delaware

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See also: List of United States representatives from Delaware
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Delaware at-large John B. Penington Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.

Florida

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Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida
See also: List of United States representatives from Florida
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Florida 1 Robert H. M. Davidson Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
Florida 2 Robert Bullock Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.

Georgia

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See also: List of United States representatives from Georgia

Idaho

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See also: List of United States representatives from Idaho
 
Results by county:
  Sweet
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  Mayhew
  •   50–60%

There were two elections to the new state of Idaho.

51st Congress

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District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Idaho at-large New district New seat.
Republican gain.
  • ▌ Y Willis Sweet (Republican) 55.80%
  • ▌Alex E. Mayhew (Democratic) 44.20%[8]

52nd Congress

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District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Idaho at-large Willis Sweet Republican 1890 Incumbent re-elected.

Illinois

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See also: List of United States representatives from Illinois

Indiana

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See also: List of United States representatives from Indiana

Iowa

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See also: List of United States representatives from Iowa

Kansas

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See also: List of United States representatives from Kansas

Kentucky

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See also: List of United States representatives from Kentucky

Louisiana

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See also: List of United States representatives from Louisiana

Maine

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See also: List of United States representatives from Maine
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Maine 1 Thomas B. Reed Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Thomas B. Reed (Republican) 57.18%
  • ▌Melvin P. Frank (Democratic) 40.75%
  • ▌Timothy B. Hussey (Prohibition) 1.90%
Maine 2 Nelson Dingley Jr. Republican 1881 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Nelson Dingley Jr. (Republican) 58.03%
  • ▌Charles E. Allen (Democratic) 39.35%
  • ▌William H. Foster (Prohibition) 2.62%
Maine 3 Seth L. Milliken Republican 1882 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Seth L. Milliken (Republican) 54.67%
  • ▌Charles Baker (Democratic) 41.58%
  • ▌Luther C. Bateman (Union Labor) 3.76%
Maine 4 Charles A. Boutelle Republican 1882 Incumbent re-elected.

Maryland

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See also: List of United States representatives from Maryland

Massachusetts

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See also: List of United States representatives from Massachusetts
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Massachusetts 1 Charles S. Randall Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 2 Elijah A. Morse Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Elijah A. Morse (Republican) 52.26%
  • ▌Bushrod Morse (Democratic) 44.43%
  • ▌Thomas J. Lathrop (Prohibition) 3.31%
Massachusetts 3 John F. Andrew Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 4 Joseph H. O'Neil Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected
  • ▌ Y Joseph H. O'Neil (Democratic) 72.47%
  • ▌Thomas Copeland (Republican) 25.66%
  • ▌George L. Dacy (Prohibition) 1.87%
Massachusetts 5 Nathaniel P. Banks Republican 1888 Incumbent was not re-nominated.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y Sherman Hoar (Democratic) 53.00%
  • ▌James A. Fox (Republican) 43.79%
  • ▌James H. Roberts (Prohibition) 3.21%
Massachusetts 6 Henry Cabot Lodge Republican 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 7 William Cogswell Republican 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 8 Frederic T. Greenhalge Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Massachusetts 9 John W. Candler Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Massachusetts 10 Joseph H. Walker Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Joseph H. Walker (Republican) 49.44%
  • ▌Charles B. Pratt (Democratic) 46.33%
  • ▌Herbert M. Small (Prohibition) 4.23%
Massachusetts 11 Rodney Wallace Republican 1888 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y Frederick S. Coolidge (Democratic) 40.00%
  • ▌Timothy G. Spaulding (Republican) 39.36%
  • ▌Myron P. Walker (Ind. Republican) 15.22%
  • ▌Henry C. Smith (Prohibition) 5.42%
Massachusetts 12 Francis W. Rockwell Republican 1884 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

Michigan

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See also: List of United States representatives from Michigan

Minnesota

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See also: List of United States representatives from Minnesota
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[10]
Minnesota 1 Mark H. Dunnell Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Minnesota 2 John Lind Republican 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
Minnesota 3 Darwin Hall Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y Osee M. Hall (Democratic) 50.5%
  • ▌Darwin Hall (Republican) 37.5%
  • ▌William W. Gamble (Farmers' Alliance) 8.8%
  • ▌Charles R. Sheppard (Prohibition) 3.2%
Minnesota 4 Samuel Snider Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Minnesota 5 Solomon Comstock Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Populist gain.

Mississippi

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See also: List of United States representatives from Mississippi
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Mississippi 1 John M. Allen Democratic 1884 Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi 2 James B. Morgan Democratic 1884 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌ Y John C. Kyle (Democratic) 67.07%
  • ▌George M. Buchanan (Republican) 32.93%[12]
Mississippi 3 Thomas C. Catchings Democratic 1884 Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi 4 Clarke Lewis Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi 5 Chapman L. Anderson Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
Mississippi 6 T. R. Stockdale Democratic 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi 7 Charles E. Hooker Democratic 1886 Incumbent re-elected.

Missouri

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See also: List of United States representatives from Missouri

Montana

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See also: List of United States representatives from Montana
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Montana at-large Thomas H. Carter Republican 1889 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

Nebraska

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See also: List of United States representatives from Nebraska
 
Nebraska's results
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Nebraska 1 William J. Connell Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Nebraska 2 Gilbert L. Laws Republican 1889 (special) Incumbent retired.
Populist gain.
  • ▌ Y William A. McKeighan (Populist) 61.09%
  • ▌N. V. Harlan (Republican) 36.85%
  • ▌L. B. Palmer (Prohibition) 2.06%[20]
Nebraska 3 George W. E. Dorsey Republican 1884 Incumbent lost re-election.
Populist gain.

Nevada

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See also: List of United States representatives from Nevada

New Hampshire

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See also: List of United States representatives from New Hampshire

New Jersey

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See also: List of United States representatives from New Jersey

New York

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See also: List of United States representatives from New York

North Carolina

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See also: List of United States representatives from North Carolina
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
North Carolina 1 Thomas G. Skinner Democratic
Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌ Y William A. B. Branch (Democratic) 56.23%
  • ▌Claude M. Bernard (Republican) 43.39%
  • ▌Decatur W. Jarvis (Prohibition) 0.38%
North Carolina 2 Henry P. Cheatham Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina 3 Charles W. McClammy Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌ Y Benjamin F. Grady (Democratic) 66.98%
  • ▌George C. Scurlock (Republican) 32.97%
North Carolina 4 Benjamin H. Bunn Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Benjamin H. Bunn (Democratic) 59.80%
  • ▌Alexander McIver (Republican) 39.09%
  • ▌James M. Templeton (Prohibition) 1.09%
North Carolina 5 John M. Brower Republican 1886 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Others
  • ▌Charles H. Ireland (Prohibition) 0.64%
  • ▌Charles H. Moore (Ind. Republican) 0.56%
North Carolina 6 Alfred Rowland Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
North Carolina 7 John S. Henderson Democratic 1884 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John S. Henderson (Democratic) 57.41%
  • ▌Pleasant C. Thomas (Republican) 40.22%
  • ▌Thomas M. George (Prohibition) 2.34%
North Carolina 8 William H. H. Cowles Democratic 1884 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William H. H. Cowles (Democratic) 53.67%
  • ▌Edward W. Faucette (Republican) 45.36%
  • ▌Samuel M. McCall (Independent) 0.94%
North Carolina 9 Hamilton G. Ewart Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

North Dakota

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See also: List of United States representatives from North Dakota
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
North Dakota at-large Henry C. Hansbrough Republican 1889 Incumbent lost renomination.
Republican hold.

Ohio

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See also: List of United States representatives from Ohio

The Ohio Legislature redistricted the state between censuses. Coupled with other Democratic gains, this redistricting gave the Democrats a nine-seat net gain.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[23]
Ohio 1 Benjamin Butterworth Republican 1884 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
Ohio 2 John A. Caldwell Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 3 Elihu S. Williams Republican 1886 Incumbent retired.
Republican loss.
Henry Lee Morey
Redistricted from the 7th district 		Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 4 Samuel S. Yoder Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
Ohio 5 George E. Seney Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
Ohio 6 Melvin M. Boothman Republican 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 7 William E. Haynes
Redistricted from the 10th district 		Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 8 Robert P. Kennedy Republican 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 9 William C. Cooper Republican 1884 Incumbent retired.
Republican loss.
Joseph H. Outhwaite
Redistricted from the 13th district 		Democratic 1884 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 10 None (new district) New district.
Republican gain.
Ohio 11 Albert C. Thompson Republican 1886 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 12 Jacob J. Pugsley Republican 1886 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
Ohio 13 None (new district) New district.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y James I. Dungan (Democratic) 52.4%
  • ▌William T. Lewis (Republican) 47.6%
Ohio 14 Charles Preston Wickham Republican 1886 Incumbent retired.
Republican loss.
  • ▌ Y James W. Owens (Democratic) 54.9%
  • ▌Samuel Slade (Republican) 45.1%
James W. Owens
Redistricted from the 16th district 		Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 15 Charles H. Grosvenor Republican 1886 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 16 William McKinley
Redistricted from the 18th district 		Republican 1886 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 17 None (new district) New district.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 18 Joseph D. Taylor
Redistricted from the 17th district 		Republican 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 19 Ezra B. Taylor Republican 1880 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 20 Martin L. Smyser Republican 1888 Incumbent lost renomination.
Republican hold.
Ohio 21 Theodore E. Burton Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

Oregon

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See also: List of United States representatives from Oregon

Pennsylvania

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See also: List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

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See also: List of United States representatives from Rhode Island

South Carolina

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Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina
See also: List of United States representatives from South Carolina
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
South Carolina 1 Samuel Dibble Democratic 1882 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
South Carolina 2 George D. Tillman Democratic 1878 Incumbent re-elected.
South Carolina 3 James S. Cothran Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
South Carolina 4 William H. Perry Democratic 1884 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
South Carolina 5 John J. Hemphill Democratic 1882 Incumbent re-elected.
South Carolina 6 George W. Dargan Democratic 1882 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
South Carolina 7 Thomas E. Miller Republican 1888[d] Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

South Dakota

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See also: List of United States representatives from South Dakota
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
South Dakota at-large
2 seats on a general ticket 		John Pickler Republican 1889 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John Pickler (Republican) 22.65%
  • ▌ Y John R. Gamble (Republican) 22.45%
  • ▌F. A. Leavitt (Independent) 16.18%
  • ▌Fred Zipp (Independent) 16.12%
  • ▌F. A. Clark (Democratic) 11.39%
  • ▌W. Y. Quigley (Democratic) 11.22%[24]
Oscar S. Gifford Republican 1889 Incumbent lost renomination.
Republican hold.

Tennessee

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See also: List of United States representatives from Tennessee
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Tennessee 1 Alfred A. Taylor Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 2 Leonidas C. Houk Republican 1878 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Leonidas C. Houk (Republican) 60.13%
  • ▌J. C. Williams (Democratic) 34.75%
  • ▌S. W. Williams (Democratic) 3.43%
  • ▌W. C. Murphy (Prohibition) 1.70%[26]
Tennessee 3 H. Clay Evans Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Tennessee 4 Benton McMillin Democratic 1878 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Benton McMillin (Democratic) 64.03%
  • ▌C. W. Garrett (Republican) 33.66%
  • ▌J. R. Goodpasture (Prohibition) 2.31%[28]
Tennessee 5 James D. Richardson Democratic 1884 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y James D. Richardson (Democratic) 69.02%
  • ▌P. C. Smithsen (Republican) 23.24%
  • ▌H. R. Moore (Prohibition) 6.93%
  • ▌P. C. Isbell (Independent) 0.82%[29]
Tennessee 6 Joseph E. Washington Democratic 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Joseph E. Washington (Democratic) 74.40%
  • ▌Samuel M. Watson (Republican) 17.29%
  • ▌W. D. Turnley (Prohibition) 8.31%[30]
Tennessee 7 Washington C. Whitthorne Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌ Y Nicholas N. Cox (Democratic) 60.86%
  • ▌A. M. Hughes (Republican) 31.51%
  • ▌John Graham (Prohibition) 7.63%[31]
Tennessee 8 Benjamin A. Enloe Democratic 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Benjamin A. Enloe (Democratic) 64.07%
  • ▌J. R. McKinney (Republican) 23.01%
  • ▌George McCall (Republican) 7.41%
  • ▌James T. Warren (Prohibition) 5.51%[32]
Tennessee 9 Rice A. Pierce Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Rice A. Pierce (Democratic) 70.64%
  • ▌W. F. Poston (Republican) 22.94%
  • ▌J. B. Cummings (Prohibition) 6.43%[33]
Tennessee 10 James Phelan Jr. Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
Others
  • ▌G. H. McClowan (Prohibition) 0.33%
  • ▌W. A. Ealey (Unknown) 0.20%
  • ▌J. W. Ewing (Unknown) 0.15%

Texas

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See also: List of United States representatives from Texas

Utah

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See Non-voting delegates below.

Vermont

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See also: List of United States representatives from Vermont
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[6]
Vermont 1 John W. Stewart Republican 1882 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌ Y H. Henry Powers (Republican) 66.5%
  • ▌Thomas W. Moloney (Democratic) 33.4%
Vermont 2 William W. Grout Republican 1880
1882 (lost)
1884 		Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William W. Grout (Republican) 66.8%
  • ▌Stephen C. Shurtleff (Democratic) 33.1%

Virginia

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See also: List of United States representatives from Virginia
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[6]
Virginia 1 Thomas H. B. Browne Republican 1886 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y William A. Jones (Democratic) 54.3%
  • ▌Thomas H. B. Browne (Republican) 45.2%
Virginia 2 George E. Bowden Republican 1886 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y John W. Lawson (Democratic) 50.7%
  • ▌George E. Bowden (Republican) 46.3%
Virginia 3 Edmund Waddill Jr. Republican 1888 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Virginia 4 John M. Langston Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y James F. Epes (Democratic) 57.1%
  • ▌John M. Langston (Republican) 42.8%
Virginia 5 Posey G. Lester Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Posey G. Lester (Democratic) 82.0%
  • ▌S. C. Adams (Independent) 10.6%
  • ▌J. Ring (Independent) 7.4%
Virginia 6 Paul C. Edmunds Democratic 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Paul C. Edmunds (Democratic) 92.6%
  • ▌William J. Shelburne (Prohibition) 7.2%
Virginia 7 Charles T. O'Ferrall Democratic 1884 Incumbent re-elected
Virginia 8 W. H. F. Lee Democratic 1886 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y W. H. F. Lee (Democratic) 57.0%
  • ▌Frank Hume (Ind. Democratic) 43.0%
Virginia 9 John A. Buchanan Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John A. Buchanan (Democratic) 56.1%
  • ▌George T. Mills (Republican) 43.9%
Virginia 10 Henry St. George Tucker Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected

Washington

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See also: List of United States representatives from Washington
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Washington at-large John L. Wilson Republican 1888 Incumbent re-elected.

West Virginia

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See also: List of United States representatives from West Virginia
District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
West Virginia 1 George W. Atkinson Republican 1888 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
West Virginia 2 William L. Wilson Democratic 1882 Incumbent re-elected.
Others
  • ▌Aaron Baker (Prohibition) 0.36%
  • ▌John M. Hancock (Union Labor) 0.05%
West Virginia 3 John D. Alderson Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John D. Alderson (Democratic) 56.06%
  • ▌Theophilus Gaines (Republican) 43.29%
  • ▌J. E. Middleton (Prohibition) 0.65%[37]
West Virginia 4 Charles B. Smith Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

Wisconsin

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See also: List of United States representatives from Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected nine members of congress on Election Day, November 4, 1890.[39][40]

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Wisconsin 1 Lucien B. Caswell Republican 1884 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic gain.
Wisconsin 2 Charles Barwig Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Charles Barwig (Democratic) 65.8%
  • ▌D. C. Van Brunt (Republican) 34.2%
Wisconsin 3 Robert M. La Follette Republican 1884 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Wisconsin 4 Isaac W. Van Schaick Republican 1888 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y John L. Mitchell (Democratic) 56.0%
  • ▌Robert C. Spencer (Republican) 40.0%
  • ▌Robert C. Schilling (Union Labor) 3.6%
  • ▌Charles E. Reed (Prohibition) 0.3%
Wisconsin 5 George H. Brickner Democratic 1888 Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin 6 Charles B. Clark Republican 1886 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Wisconsin 7 Ormsby B. Thomas Republican 1884 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Wisconsin 8 Nils P. Haugen Republican 1887 Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin 9 Myron H. McCord Republican 1888 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

Wyoming

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Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming
See also: List of United States representatives from Wyoming

Republican Clarence D. Clark was elected over Democrat George T. Beck in a single ballot both to finish the current term (ending 1891) and the next term (beginning 1891).[41]

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Wyoming at-large Vacant (new seat) Republican gain.

Non-voting delegates

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See also: Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives

51st Congress

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District Incumbent This race
Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates
Oklahoma Territory at-large New seat New seat.
New delegate elected to finish the current term.
Republican gain.

52nd Congress

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District Incumbent This race
Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates
Arizona Territory at-large
New Mexico Territory at-large
Oklahoma Territory at-large New seat New seat.
New delegate elected to the next term.
Republican gain.
Utah Territory at-large John T. Caine Populist 1882 Incumbent re-elected

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c Dubin (pp. 293–94) counts 235 Democrats, 88 Republicans, and 8 Populists at the opening of the 52nd Congress.
  2. ^ One Labor Party member had been elected in 1888.
  3. ^ a b c d e Elections held early.
  4. ^ After disputed election.

References

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  1. ^ a b c Martis, p. 144–145.
  2. ^ Jensen, Richard J. (1971). "5: The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888-1896". Education, the Tariff, and the Melting Pot. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 122–153. ISBN 9780226398259.
  3. ^ Jensen, p. ch. 4: Iowa, Wet or Dry?. pp. 89-121.
  4. ^ "Our Campaigns - KY - District 06 Special Election Race - Jun 21, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
  5. ^ a b c Martis.
  6. ^ a b c d e Kalb, Deborah, ed. (2010). Guide to U.S. Elections. Washington, DC: CQ Press. pp. 1086–1089. ISBN 978-1-60426-536-1.
  7. ^ "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
  8. ^ "ID At Large - Initial Election". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
  9. ^ "ID - At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
  10. ^ University of Minnesota Libraries. "Minnesota Historical Election Archive". Minnesota Historical Election Archive. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  11. ^ "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  12. ^ "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  13. ^ "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  14. ^ "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  15. ^ "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  16. ^ "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  17. ^ "MS - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  18. ^ "MT - At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
  19. ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 4, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  20. ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 02 Race - Nov 4, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  21. ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 03 Race - Nov 4, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  22. ^ "ND At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
  23. ^ Smith, Joseph P, ed. (1898). History of the Republican Party in Ohio. Vol. I. Chicago: the Lewis Publishing Company. pp. 592, 593.
  24. ^ "SD At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
  25. ^ "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  26. ^ "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  27. ^ "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  28. ^ "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  29. ^ "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  30. ^ "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  31. ^ "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  32. ^ "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  33. ^ "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  34. ^ "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  35. ^ "WV District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  36. ^ "WV District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  37. ^ "WV District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  38. ^ "WV District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  39. ^ "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2021 – via Wayback Machine.
  40. ^ Cunningham, Thomas J., ed. (1891). "Biographical" (PDF). The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 572–574. Retrieved November 21, 2021.
  41. ^ a b "Our Campaigns - WY At-Large Race - Sep 11, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-29.
  42. ^ "Our Campaigns - OK Territorial Delegate - Initial Election Race - Nov 04, 1890".
  43. ^ "Our Campaigns - OK Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 04, 1890".
  44. ^ "CAINE, John Thomas (1829-1911)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 19, 2022.

Bibliography

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