This article encompasses the 1860s Pacific typhoon seasons. The list is very incomplete; information on early typhoon seasons is patchy and relies heavily on individual observations of travellers and ships. There were no comprehensive records kept by a central organisation at this early time.
1862 season
editA typhoon struck near Hong Kong on July 27, killing around 80,000 people.[1][2]
1863 season
editFour typhoons struck the Philippines in 1863. One of which, a typhoon in December, killed 49 people.[3]
Several Royal Navy vessels reported a typhoon in the East China Sea that moved northeastward through the Ryukyu Islands and to the west of Kyushu on 15-16 August.[4] The HMS Euryalus reported a pressure of 990.6 mbar (29.25 inHg) in Kagoshima Bay at 4:00 AM on 16 August,[4] while serving as the flagship of Admiral Sir Augustus Kuper during the bombardment of Kagoshima.[5]
1864 season
editA typhoon in 1864 struck Hong Kong.[3]
1865 season
editThere were 8 tropical cyclones in the Western Pacific in 1865, 7 of which were typhoons.[3]
1866 season
editThere were 5 tropical cyclones that affected the Philippines in 1866, 3 of which were typhoons. A typhoon in June killed five people, and another typhoon in September killed four people.[3] A northeasterly moving typhoon rolled through western Japan, entered the Sea of Japan, and passed just northwest of Hokkaido on 16 September.[6]
1867 season
editThere were five typhoons in the Western Pacific in 1867. A typhoon in September killed 1,800 people when it rose the waters of the Abra River.[3]
1868 season
editThere were two typhoons in the Western Pacific in 1868.[3]
1869 season
editThere were 3 tropical cyclones in the Western Pacific in 1869, 1 of which was a typhoon.[3]
References
edit- ^ Huang, G; Yim, Wyxx W-S. "Reconstruction of an 8,000-year record of Typhoons in the Pearl River Estuary, China" (PDF). HKU Scholars Hub.
- ^ "23 Oct 1862 - TERRIFIC TYPHOON IN THE CHINA WATERS, AND IMMENSE LOSS OF LIFE. - Trove". Courier. Trove.nla.gov.au. 23 October 1862. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
- ^ a b c d e f g R. García-Herrera; P. Ribera; E. Hernández; L. Gimeno (2010). The Selga Chronology Part I: 1348-1900. Typhoons in the Philippine Islands 1566-1900 (Report). JGR - Atmospheres. Archived from the original on 2021-12-06. Retrieved 2014-07-27.
- ^ a b Kubota, Naoyuki; Matsumoto, Jun; Zaiki, Masumi; Tsukahara, Togo; Mikami, Takehiko; Allan, Rob; Wilkinson, Clive; Wilkinson, Sally; Wood, Kevin; Mollan, Mark (2020). 江戸時代末期に日本近海で外国船に観測された台風 [Tropical cyclones observed by foreign ships near Japan during late Edo era]. 2020年度日本地理学会秋季学術大会 (in Japanese). The Association of Japanese Geographers. doi:10.14866/ajg.2020a.0_104. Retrieved 2024-06-16.
- ^ Cox, Samuel J. (July 2021). "H-063-3: The Battle of Shimonoseki Strait, Japan, 1863". Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved 2024-06-16.
- ^ Kusakabe, Masao (December 1961). "史料からみた北海道の気象災害" [A Historical Aspect of Natural Damage in Hokkaidō] (PDF). 天気 (in Japanese). 8. The Meteorological Society of Japan: 403–409. Retrieved 2024-07-17.