Flerovyo
Flerovium | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pronunciation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mass number | [289] (unconfirmed: 290) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flerovium in the periodic table | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic number (Z) | 114 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Group | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Block | p-block | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration | [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 (predicted)[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 4 (predicted) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Physical properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phase at STP | liquid (predicted)[4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Melting point | 284 ± 50 K (11 ± 50 °C, 52 ± 90 °F) (predicted)[4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Density (near r.t.) | 11.4 ± 0.3 g/cm3 (predicted)[4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | 38 kJ/mol (predicted)[5] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | (0), ( 1), ( 2), ( 4), ( 6) (nahulaaan)[3][5][6] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ionization energies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic radius | empirical: 180 pm (predicted)[3][5] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Covalent radius | 171–177 pm (extrapolated)[8] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural occurrence | sintetiko | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAS Number | 54085-16-4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
History | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Naming | after Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (itself named after Georgy Flyorov)[9] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discovery | Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) (1999) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Isotopes of flerovium | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ang flerovium o ununquadium[17] (pagbigkas: u•nun•kwad•yum) ay ang pansamantalang pangalan ng radioactive na elementong kemikal na may pansamantalang simbolong Uuq at atomikong bilang na 114. Minumungkahi na tawagin ang elementong ito na flerovium,[18] sunod sa Rusong siyentipikong si Georgy Flyorov (binabaybay ding Flerov).
May 80 radioactive decay na ng ununquadium ang naobserbahan hanggang sa ngayon, 50 rito ang direkta at 30 mula sa pagka-decay ng mas mabigat na elementong ununhexium at ununoctium. Lahat ng pagka-decay ay itinalaga sa limang magkakalapit na isotope na may bilang ng mass na 285–289. Ang pinakamahabang nabuhay na isotope na alam sa ngayon ay 289Uuq na may kalahating-buhay na ~2.6 s, bagaman may palatandaan sa isang nuklear na isomer 289bUuq, na may kalahating-buhay na ~66 s, na ito'y isa sa may pinakamahabang nabuhay na nucleus sa rehiyon ng sobrang-bigat na elemento.
Ayon sa mga kemikal na pag-aaral na isinagawa noong 2007, ang ununquadium ay nagpapahiwatig na nagtataglay ng non-eka-lead na katangian, at mukhang ito ang unang sobrang-bigat na elemento na gumaganap ng katangiang gaya ng sa mga noble-gas dahil sa epektong relativistic.[19]
Sanggunian
[baguhin | baguhin ang wikitext]- ↑ Flerovium and Livermorium. The Periodic Table of Videos. University of Nottingham. Disyembre 2, 2011. Nakuha noong Hunyo 4, 2012.
{{cite midyang AV}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "flerovium". Lexico UK English Dictionary UK English Dictionary UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Inarkibo mula sa ang orihinal noong 2021-02-05.
{{cite ensiklopedya}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). "Transactinides and the future elements". Sa Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (mga pat.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (sa wikang Ingles) (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Florez, Edison; Smits, Odile R.; Mewes, Jan-Michael; Jerabek, Paul; Schwerdtfeger, Peter (2022). "From the gas phase to the solid state: The chemical bonding in the superheavy element flerovium". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 157. doi:10.1063/5.0097642.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Fricke, Burkhard (1975). "Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties". Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Bonding. 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498. ISBN 978-3-540-07109-9. Nakuha noong 4 Oktubre 2013.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Schwerdtfeger, Peter; Seth, Michael (2002). "Relativistic Quantum Chemistry of the Superheavy Elements. Closed-Shell Element 114 as a Case Study" (PDF). Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (sa wikang Ingles). 3 (1): 133–136. doi:10.14494/jnrs2000.3.133. Nakuha noong 12 Setyembre 2014.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Pershina, Valeria (30 Nobyembre 2013). "Theoretical Chemistry of the Heaviest Elements". Sa Schädel, Matthias; Shaughnessy, Dawn (mga pat.). The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements (ika-2nd (na) edisyon). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 154. ISBN 9783642374661.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Bonchev, Danail; Kamenska, Verginia (1981). "Predicting the Properties of the 113–120 Transactinide Elements". Journal of Physical Chemistry. American Chemical Society. 85 (9): 1177–1186. doi:10.1021/j150609a021.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "Element 114 is Named Flerovium and Element 116 is Named Livermorium" (Nilabas sa mamamahayag). IUPAC. 30 Mayo 2012. Inarkibo mula sa ang orihinal noong 2 Hunyo 2012.
{{cite nilabas sa mamamhayag}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Utyonkov, V.K.; atbp. (2015). Synthesis of superheavy nuclei at limits of stability: 239,240Pu 48Ca and 249–251Cf 48Ca reactions (PDF). Super Heavy Nuclei International Symposium, Texas A & M University, College Station TX, USA, March 31 – April 02, 2015.
{{cite conference}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Utyonkov, V. K.; Brewer, N. T.; Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; atbp. (15 Setyembre 2015). "Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei 284Fl and 285Fl in the 239,240Pu 48Ca reactions". Physical Review C. 92 (3): 034609. Bibcode:2015PhRvC..92c4609U. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Utyonkov, V. K.; Brewer, N. T.; Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; atbp. (30 Enero 2018). "Neutron-deficient superheavy nuclei obtained in the 240Pu 48Ca reaction". Physical Review C. 97 (14320): 1–10. Bibcode:2018PhRvC..97a4320U. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.97.014320.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ 13.0 13.1 Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Utyonkov, V. K.; Ibadullayev, D.; atbp. (2022). "Investigation of 48Ca-induced reactions with 242Pu and 238U targets at the JINR Superheavy Element Factory". Physical Review C. 106 (024612). doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.024612.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; atbp. (2016). "Remarks on the Fission Barriers of SHN and Search for Element 120". Sa Peninozhkevich, Yu. E.; Sobolev, Yu. G. (mga pat.). Exotic Nuclei: EXON-2016 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Exotic Nuclei. Exotic Nuclei. pp. 155–164. ISBN 9789813226555.
{{cite conference}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; atbp. (2016). "Review of even element super-heavy nuclei and search for element 120". The European Physics Journal A. 2016 (52). Bibcode:2016EPJA...52..180H. doi:10.1140/epja/i2016-16180-4.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Kaji, Daiya; Morita, Kosuke; Morimoto, Kouji; Haba, Hiromitsu; atbp. (2017). "Study of the Reaction 48Ca 248Cm → 296Lv* at RIKEN-GARIS". Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 86: 034201-1–7. Bibcode:2017JPSJ...86c4201K. doi:10.7566/JPSJ.86.034201.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ J. Chatt (1979). "Recommendations for the Naming of Elements of Atomic Numbers Greater than 100". Pure Appl. Chem. 51: 381–384. doi:10.1351/pac197951020381.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) (sa Ingles) - ↑ Brown, Mark (Hunyo 6, 2011). "Two Ultraheavy Elements Added to Periodic Table". Wired. Nakuha noong 7 Hunyo 2011.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) (sa Ingles) - ↑ Gas Phase Chemistry of Superheavy Elements Naka-arkibo 2012-02-20 sa Wayback Machine., lecture by Heinz W. Gäggeler, Nov. 2007. Huling inaccess noong Dis. 12, 2008. (sa Ingles)
Ang lathalaing ito ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.