Endogonales
| Endogonales | |
|---|---|
| |
| Endogone pisiformis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Mucoromycota |
| Subdivision: | Mucoromycotina |
| Class: | Endogonomycetes Doweld |
| Order: | Endogonales Jacz. & P.A.Jacz.[1] |
| Families | |
| |
Endogonales is an order of fungi within the phylum of Zygomycota,[2] and in class Endogonomycetes.[3][4]
It contains 2 families; Endogonaceae, with 6 genera and 38 species and Densosporaceae, with one genera and 4 species.[3]
History
[edit]The Endogales were originally formed to hold a single family, the Endogonaceae, which comprised 15 species in four genera (Endogone, Peridiospora, Sclerogone, and Youngiomyces). They were transferred to the phylum Glomeromycota to Zygomycetes.[5] Then they were placed in Zygomycotina.[6] They were placed in the subphylum Mucoromycotina in 2017 and genus Youngiomyces was synonymized with genus Endogone.[7] They were then placed in the monotypic class Endogonomycetes.[4]
Genera
[edit]Endogonaceae Paol.;[8]
- Endogone Link (26 species)
- Jimgerdemannia Trappe, Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bonito & Bidartondo (3: Jimgerdemannia ambigua Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2020), Jimgerdemannia flammicorona (Trappe & Gerd.) Trappe, Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bonito & Bonito & Bidart. (2017), Jimgerdemannia lactiflua (Berk. & Broome) Trappe, Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bonito & Bidart. (2017))
- Peridiospora C.G. Wu & Suh J. Lin (2: Peridiospora reticulata C.G. Wu & Suh J. Lin (1997) and Peridiospora tatachia C.G. Wu & Suh J. Lin (1997))
- Sclerogone Warcup (1: Sclerogone eucalypti Warcup (1990))
- Sphaerocreas Sacc. & Ellis (4)
- Vinositunica Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2: Vinositunica ingens Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2020) and Vinositunica radiata Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2020))
Densosporaceae Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bidartondo, Trappe & Bonito;[9]
- Densospora McGee (4 Species: D. nanospora – D. nuda – D. solicarpa – D. tubiformis)
Note; genus Jimwhitea M. Krings & T.N. Taylor was placed in the Endogonaceae family, but holds only fossils reported from the Middle Triassic formations. So is placed in Ascomycota genera Incertae sedis.[3]
Life cycle
[edit]The life cycle of the Endogonales is distinguished by their production of small sporocarps containing many zygospores, which are eaten by rodents and distributed by their faeces.
They also produce a fetid odour that attracts mammals and encourages them to eat their fruiting bodies, and so spread their spores.[10]
Food
[edit]Like all fungi, they are heterotrophs with some being described as saprobes (with weak evidence).[10]
References
[edit]
- ^ Jaczewski, A.A.; Jaczewski, P.A. (1931). "Определитель грибов. Совершенные грибы (диплоидные стадии). 3-е изд. [Вып. 1]. Фикомицеты. [Keys to Fungi. Perfect Fungi (diploid stages).". In Doweld, Alexander (ed.). Phycomycetes (in Russian) (3 ed.). Moscow-Leningrad: Gosudarstvennoe Izdateľstvo sel'skokhozjaistvennoj i kolkhozno-kooperativnoj literatury. p. 294.
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford: CABI. p. 233. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ^ a b c Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.8633/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.
- ^ a b Doweld, A.B. (2014). "Nomenclatural novelties: Endogonomycetes cl. nov". Index fungorum. 57: 1.
- ^ Voigt, K.; Kirk, P.M. (2014). "FUNGI | Classification of Zygomycetes". In Batt, Carl A.; Tortorello, Mary Lou (eds.). Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology (2nd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-384733-1.
- ^ Yao, Y.J.; Pegler, D.N.; Young, T.W.K. (1995). "Youngiomyces, a new genus in Endogonales (Zygomycotina)". Kew Bulletin. 50: 349–357.
- ^ Desirò, Alessandro; Rimington, William R.; Jacob, Alison; Pol, Natalie Vande; Smith, Matthew E.; Trappe, James M.; Bidartondo, Martin I.; Bonito, Gregory (December 2017). "Multigene phylogeny of Endogonales, an early diverging lineage of fungi associated with plants". IMA Fungus. 8 (2): 245–257. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2017.08.02.03. hdl:10044/1/55563. PMID 29242774.
- ^ "Family Names". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
- ^ "Family Names". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
- ^ a b C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed. (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004) ISBN 0-471-52229-5
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