vastus
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin vastus (“vast, immense, enormous, huge, monstrous”). Doublet of vast.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈvæs.təs/
Noun
[edit]vastus (plural vasti)
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Estonian
[edit]Noun
[edit]vastus (genitive vastuse, partitive vastust)
Declension
[edit]Declension of vastus (ÕS type 11/harjutus, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vastus | vastused | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | vastuse | ||
genitive | vastuste | ||
partitive | vastust | vastusi | |
illative | vastusse vastusesse |
vastustesse vastusisse | |
inessive | vastuses | vastustes vastusis | |
elative | vastusest | vastustest vastusist | |
allative | vastusele | vastustele vastusile | |
adessive | vastusel | vastustel vastusil | |
ablative | vastuselt | vastustelt vastusilt | |
translative | vastuseks | vastusteks vastusiks | |
terminative | vastuseni | vastusteni | |
essive | vastusena | vastustena | |
abessive | vastuseta | vastusteta | |
comitative | vastusega | vastustega |
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *vastus. Equivalent to vasta- (“counter-, against”) -us.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]vastus
- resistance (the act of resisting, or the capacity to resist)
- (physics) resistance (force that tends to oppose motion)
- drag (resistance of air or other fluid to something moving in it)
- Synonym: väliaineen vastus (“drag of any medium in general”)
- Hyponyms: ilmanvastus (“air resistance, drag”), veden vastus (“water drag”)
- (electricity) resistance (electrical resistance)
- Synonym: sähkövastus
- (electricity) resistor (electronic component)
- Synonym: resistori
- Clipping of lämmitysvastus (“heating element”): element
- opposition (opposing side in competition)
- Synonym: vastustaja
- (slang, gaming) enemy
- Synonyms: vihollinen, (slang) vihu
Declension
[edit]Inflection of vastus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vastus | vastukset | |
genitive | vastuksen | vastusten vastuksien | |
partitive | vastusta | vastuksia | |
illative | vastukseen | vastuksiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vastus | vastukset | |
accusative | nom. | vastus | vastukset |
gen. | vastuksen | ||
genitive | vastuksen | vastusten vastuksien | |
partitive | vastusta | vastuksia | |
inessive | vastuksessa | vastuksissa | |
elative | vastuksesta | vastuksista | |
illative | vastukseen | vastuksiin | |
adessive | vastuksella | vastuksilla | |
ablative | vastukselta | vastuksilta | |
allative | vastukselle | vastuksille | |
essive | vastuksena | vastuksina | |
translative | vastukseksi | vastuksiksi | |
abessive | vastuksetta | vastuksitta | |
instructive | — | vastuksin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
- alasvetovastus
- höyrynvastus
- ilmanvastus
- kuumennusvastus
- lankavastus
- lämmitysvastus
- lämmönvastus
- lämpövastus
- muistivastus
- ominaisvastus
- pintavastus
- päätevastus
- ruskistusvastus
- sähkövastus
- säätövastus
- vaihtosähkövastus
- valovastus
- vastusharjoittelu
- vastuskumi
- vastuskuminauha
- vastuslanka
- vastuslämpömittari
- vastusmittari
- vastusnauha
- vastusvoima
- vetovastus
- vierimisvastus
- vierintävastus
- ylösvetovastus
Further reading
[edit]- “vastus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *wāstos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“empty, wasted”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *wāstos (“empty”) and Proto-Germanic *wōstaz (whence English waste, German Wüste) and related to Latin vānus and vacō.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈu̯aːs.tus/, [ˈu̯äːs̠t̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈvas.tus/, [ˈväst̪us]
Note: the length of the root vowel is not certain, but is surmised to be long on the basis of the Celtic and Germanic cognate terms.[1]
Adjective
[edit]vāstus (feminine vāsta, neuter vāstum, comparative vāstior, superlative vāstissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- (literally) Empty, unoccupied, i.e. waste, desert.
- (figurative) Uncultivated, unpolished, rude, rough, harsh.
- Desolate, deserted, made lonely.
- Wasted by destruction, laid waste, ravaged, devastated, destroyed.
- Vast, immense, enormous, huge, monstrous. (of size)
- Immense, enormous, prodigious, vast. (of degree)
- (figurative) Insatiable.
Declension
[edit]First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | vāstus | vāsta | vāstum | vāstī | vāstae | vāsta | |
Genitive | vāstī | vāstae | vāstī | vāstōrum | vāstārum | vāstōrum | |
Dative | vāstō | vāstō | vāstīs | ||||
Accusative | vāstum | vāstam | vāstum | vāstōs | vāstās | vāsta | |
Ablative | vāstō | vāstā | vāstō | vāstīs | |||
Vocative | vāste | vāsta | vāstum | vāstī | vāstae | vāsta |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “vastus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “vastus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- vastus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “vāstus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 655-656
Categories:
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Muscles
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian harjutus-type nominals
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms suffixed with -us (association)
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑstus
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑstus/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- fi:Physics
- fi:Electricity
- Finnish clippings
- Finnish slang
- fi:Gaming
- Finnish vastaus-type nominals
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin first and second declension adjectives
- la:Size