gelid
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in 1630. From Latin gelidus (“cold”), from gelu (“frost”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]gelid (comparative more gelid, superlative most gelid)
- Very cold; icy or frosty.
- 1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):
- 1898, Florence Earle Coates, “Siberia”, in Poems:
- Above the gelid source of mountain springs,
A solitary eagle, circling, flies.
- 2005, Robert Jordan, Knife of Dreams:
- In the worst of summer the tower remained cool, yet the air seemed feverish and gelid when sisters of different Ajahs came too close.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]very cold; icy
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Anagrams
[edit]Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch gelit; cognate with German Glied. By surface analysis, ge- lid.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]gelid n (plural gelederen)
Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: gelid
Noun
[edit]gelid n (plural geleden)
- a joint, a point of articulation
Anagrams
[edit]Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *gʷeleti (“to graze”), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷlew-, extension from *gʷel- (“throat”),[1] which could be imitative. See also Old English ceole, German Kehle, Proto-Slavic *glъtati (“to devour”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]gelid (conjunct ·geil, verbal noun gelt)
- to graze, consume
- c. 700, De Origine Scoticae Linguae from the Yellow Book of Lecan, O'Mulc. 830
- Ron·geilt in gaeth feib geilius [nem]aod forderg fidnime [leg. fidnaige].
- The storm has consumed us [lit. grazed on] like heavenly red fire consumes [lit. grazes on] firewood.
- c. 800, Immacaldam Choluim Cille ⁊ ind óclaig, published in "The Lough Foyle Colloquy Texts: Immacaldam Choluim Chille 7 ind Óclaig oc Carraic Eolairg and Immacaldam in Druad Brain 7 Inna Banḟátho Febuil Ós Loch Ḟebuil", Ériu 52 (2002), pp. 53-87, edited and with translations by John Carey,
- "Cesc," ol Colum Cille, "cóich robo riam, a lloch-sa at·chiam?" Respondit iuvenis: "Ro·fetur-sa aní-sin; [...] ra·giult-sa [MS ro·diultsa] a mbasa os, ra·senas a mbasa é[o]...
- "A question," said Colum Cille, "whose was it formerly, this loch we see?" The youth responded, "I know that! [...] I had grazed it when I was a stag, I had swum it when I was a salmon...
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 80a11
- géldae ― glosses Latin depastus est
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 143b1
- gelid ― glosses Latin depascitur
- c. 700, De Origine Scoticae Linguae from the Yellow Book of Lecan, O'Mulc. 830
Inflection
[edit]Simple, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | gelid | |||||||
| Conj. | ·gel | ·gelat | ·gelar | ||||||
| Rel. | geiles | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | geltatar | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | geltatar | ||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ro·diult (misspelling of ra·giult, with infixed pronoun a-) | ro·gelt | ||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | géldae | ||||||||
| Conditional | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | gelt | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | glidi | ||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 364-365
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “gwel-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 146
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gelid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with quotations
- en:Temperature
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms prefixed with ge-
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪt
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪt/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -eren
- Dutch nouns with lengthened vowel in the plural
- Dutch neuter nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish onomatopoeias
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- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish verbs
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- Old Irish simple verbs
- Old Irish class B I present verbs
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- Old Irish é future verbs
- Old Irish a subjunctive verbs