funda

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See also: Funda, fundá, and fundà

English

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Etymology

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Contraction of fundamental, originating in Indian English.

Noun

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funda (countable and uncountable, plural fundas or fundae or fundaes)

  1. (India) Basics or fundamentals, considered as a unit.
    Get your funda correct before you submit the paper.
    What is the funda behind relativity?
    • 1992 [1]
      In my opinion, the funda is as follows:
  2. (India) Understanding.
    • 1993, [2]
      You did not have the funda to realize that the statistics is an ass.
    • 1993, [3]
      But then, your funda is weak.

Usage notes

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Whilst fundaes and fundae both occur as the plural of funda, fundas is far more widespread. The pluralization to fundae is by analogy to formula/formulae. The pluralization to fundas is by the simple addition of -s.

The word is frequently used in Indian quizzing circles to denote the interesting fact or concept behind a question.

See also

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References

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Learned borrowing from Late Latin funda (“bag”). Doublet of fona.

Noun

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funda f (plural fundes)

  1. cover, sheath

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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funda

  1. inflection of fundar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

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Fanagalo

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Etymology

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From Zulu -funda, from Proto-Bantu *-túnda.

Verb

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funda

  1. to learn
  2. to study
  3. to read

Galician

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Etymology 1

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Attested with this meaning since the 14th century. From Latin funda. Doublet of fonda. Compare Portuguese fonda and Spanish funda and honda.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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funda f (plural fundas)

  1. case, cover
    Synonym: estoxo
    • c. 1350, Lourdes Soriano, editor, Livro de Tristan:
      Quando eles uirõ Lãça[rote] nõ no conoçerõ porque fezera el meter seu escudo em sua fonda
      When they saw Lancelot they didn't recognise him, because he ordered to put his shield inside its case
  2. overalls
    Synonym: mono

References

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Etymology 2

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Verb

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funda

  1. inflection of fundir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From fundur ‎ -a.

Verb

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funda (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative fundaði, supine fundað)

  1. (intransitive) to meet, to gather
Conjugation
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funda — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að funda
supine
(sagnbót) 		fundað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		fundandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég funda við fundum present
(nútíð) 		ég fundi við fundum
þú fundar þið fundið þú fundir þið fundið
hann, hún, það fundar þeir, þær, þau funda hann, hún, það fundi þeir, þær, þau fundi
past
(þátíð) 		ég fundaði við funduðum past
(þátíð) 		ég fundaði við funduðum
þú fundaðir þið funduðuð þú fundaðir þið funduðuð
hann, hún, það fundaði þeir, þær, þau funduðu hann, hún, það fundaði þeir, þær, þau funduðu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		funda (þú) fundið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
fundaðu fundiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Etymology 2

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Inflected form of fundur (“meeting”).

Noun

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funda

  1. indefinite genitive plural of fundur

Kituba

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Verb

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funda

  1. to accuse

Latin

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Latin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia la
Funda (Slingshot)

Etymology 1

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Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰondʰeh₂, from *bʰendʰ- (“to bind”), whence English bind. Alternatively, a loanword from an unknown language, which may also have been the source of Ancient Greek σφενδόνη (sphendónē, “sling”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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funda f (genitive fundae); first declension

  1. a hand-sling (contrasted with fustibalus (“a sling-staff”, “a stick sling”))
Declension
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First-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative funda fundae
genitive fundae fundārum
dative fundae fundīs
accusative fundam fundās
ablative fundā fundīs
vocative funda fundae
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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fundā

  1. second-person singular present active imperative of fundō

References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “funda”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 249

Further reading

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  • “funda”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “funda”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • funda in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “funda”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “funda”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Northern Ndebele

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.

Verb

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-fúnda

  1. (intransitive) to learn
  2. (transitive) to read

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Latin funda (“sling”).

Noun

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funda f (plural fundas)

  1. sling (cloth weapon)
    • Bible, 1 Samuel 17:50
      Portanto, Davi, com uma funda e uma pedra, mostrou ser mais forte que o filisteu, e o entregou à morte, e não havia espada na mão de Davi.
      So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David.
    Synonyms: fundíbulo, catapulta
  2. catapult, slingshot (elastic weapon)
    Synonyms: estilingue, atiradeira, bodoque
  3. sling (hanging bandage)
    Synonym: tipoia
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

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funda

  1. feminine singular of fundo

Etymology 3

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Verb

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funda

  1. inflection of fundar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative
  2. inflection of fundir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French fonder, based on Romanian fund.

Verb

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a funda (third-person singular present fundează, past participle fundat) 1st conj.

  1. to found, set a foundation
    Synonyms: întemeia, înființa

Conjugation

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    conjugation of funda (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
infinitive a funda
gerund fundând
past participle fundat
number singular plural
person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present fundez fundezi fundează fundăm fundați fundează
imperfect fundam fundai funda fundam fundați fundau
simple perfect fundai fundași fundă fundarăm fundarăți fundară
pluperfect fundasem fundaseși fundase fundaserăm fundaserăți fundaseră
subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present să fundez să fundezi să fundeze să fundăm să fundați să fundeze
imperative — tu — — voi —
affirmative fundează fundați
negative nu funda nu fundați
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Shona

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Etymology

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From a Nguni language; compare Zulu -funda.

Verb

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-fúndá (infinitive kufúndá)

  1. study
  2. learn
    Synonym: -dzidza

Derived terms

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Southern Ndebele

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.

Verb

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-fúnda

  1. (intransitive) to learn
  2. (transitive) to read

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfunda/ [ˈfũn̪.d̪a]
  • Rhymes: -unda
  • Syllabification: fun‧da

Etymology 1

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From Latin funda.

Noun

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funda f (plural fundas)

  1. a case, a covering or bag used to wrap something up and protect it
  2. (Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Ecuador) a bag made of paper or plastic
    Synonyms: bolsa, saco
  3. (Bolivia) a female undergarment similar to a skirt
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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funda

  1. inflection of fundar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

funda

  1. inflection of fundir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Further reading

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References

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  • Orlando Alba (2003) Cómo hablamos los dominicanos‎[4], Santo Domingo: Amigo del Hogar

Swahili

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-funda (infinitive kufunda)

  1. to instruct, teach

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -funda
Positive present -nafunda
Subjunctive -funde
Negative -fundi
Imperative singular funda
Infinitives
Positive kufunda
Negative kutofunda
Imperatives
Singular funda
Plural fundeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hufunda
Positive past positive subject concord -lifunda
Negative past negative subject concord -kufunda
Positive present (positive subject concord -nafunda)
Singular Plural
1st person ninafunda/nafunda tunafunda
2nd person unafunda mnafunda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anafunda wanafunda
other classes positive subject concord -nafunda
Negative present (negative subject concord -fundi)
Singular Plural
1st person sifundi hatufundi
2nd person hufundi hamfundi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hafundi hawafundi
other classes negative subject concord -fundi
Positive future positive subject concord -tafunda
Negative future negative subject concord -tafunda
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord -funde)
Singular Plural
1st person nifunde tufunde
2nd person ufunde mfunde
3rd person m-wa(I/II) afunde wafunde
other classes positive subject concord -funde
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord -sifunde
Positive present conditional positive subject concord -ngefunda
Negative present conditional positive subject concord -singefunda
Positive past conditional positive subject concord -ngalifunda
Negative past conditional positive subject concord -singalifunda
Gnomic (positive subject concord -afunda)
Singular Plural
1st person nafunda twafunda
2nd person wafunda mwafunda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) afunda wafunda
m-mi(III/IV) wafunda yafunda
ji-ma(V/VI) lafunda yafunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chafunda vyafunda
n(IX/X) yafunda zafunda
u(XI) wafunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwafunda
pa(XVI) pafunda
mu(XVIII) mwafunda
Perfect positive subject concord -mefunda
"Already" positive subject concord -meshafunda
"Not yet" negative subject concord -jafunda
"If/When" positive subject concord -kifunda
"If not" positive subject concord -sipofunda
Consecutive kafunda / positive subject concord -kafunda
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord -kafunde
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nifunda -tufunda
2nd person -kufunda -wafunda/-kufundeni/-wafundeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mfunda -wafunda
m-mi(III/IV) -ufunda -ifunda
ji-ma(V/VI) -lifunda -yafunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kifunda -vifunda
n(IX/X) -ifunda -zifunda
u(XI) -ufunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kufunda
pa(XVI) -pafunda
mu(XVIII) -mufunda
Reflexive -jifunda
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord (object concord) -funda- relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -fundaye -fundao
m-mi(III/IV) -fundao -fundayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -fundalo -fundayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -fundacho -fundavyo
n(IX/X) -fundayo -fundazo
u(XI) -fundao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -fundako
pa(XVI) -fundapo
mu(XVIII) -fundamo
Other forms (subject concord tense marker relative marker (object concord) -funda)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yefunda -ofunda
m-mi(III/IV) -ofunda -yofunda
ji-ma(V/VI) -lofunda -yofunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chofunda -vyofunda
n(IX/X) -yofunda -zofunda
u(XI) -ofunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kofunda
pa(XVI) -pofunda
mu(XVIII) -mofunda
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

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Turkish

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Etymology

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From Ottoman Turkish فونده (funda), from Greek φούντα (foúnta, “shrub; flake, fringe”) from Hellenistic φοῦνδα (phoûnda), from Latin funda (“hand-sling, net”).

Noun

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funda (definite accusative fundayı, plural fundalar)

  1. shrub, heath
  2. (botanics) heath

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative funda
Definite accusative fundayı
Singular Plural
Nominative funda fundalar
Definite accusative fundayı fundaları
Dative fundaya fundalara
Locative fundada fundalarda
Ablative fundadan fundalardan
Genitive fundanın fundaların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular fundam fundalarım
2nd singular fundan fundaların
3rd singular fundası fundaları
1st plural fundamız fundalarımız
2nd plural fundanız fundalarınız
3rd plural fundaları fundaları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular fundamı fundalarımı
2nd singular fundanı fundalarını
3rd singular fundasını fundalarını
1st plural fundamızı fundalarımızı
2nd plural fundanızı fundalarınızı
3rd plural fundalarını fundalarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular fundama fundalarıma
2nd singular fundana fundalarına
3rd singular fundasına fundalarına
1st plural fundamıza fundalarımıza
2nd plural fundanıza fundalarınıza
3rd plural fundalarına fundalarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular fundamda fundalarımda
2nd singular fundanda fundalarında
3rd singular fundasında fundalarında
1st plural fundamızda fundalarımızda
2nd plural fundanızda fundalarınızda
3rd plural fundalarında fundalarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular fundamdan fundalarımdan
2nd singular fundandan fundalarından
3rd singular fundasından fundalarından
1st plural fundamızdan fundalarımızdan
2nd plural fundanızdan fundalarınızdan
3rd plural fundalarından fundalarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular fundamın fundalarımın
2nd singular fundanın fundalarının
3rd singular fundasının fundalarının
1st plural fundamızın fundalarımızın
2nd plural fundanızın fundalarınızın
3rd plural fundalarının fundalarının
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular fundayım fundalarım
2nd singular fundasın fundalarsın
3rd singular funda
fundadır 		fundalar
fundalardır
1st plural fundayız fundalarız
2nd plural fundasınız fundalarsınız
3rd plural fundalar fundalardır

References

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  • Meyer, Gustav (1893) “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 89
  • φούντα, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

Xhosa

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.

Verb

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-fúnda

  1. (intransitive) to learn
  2. (transitive) to read

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

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Zulu

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.

Verb

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-fúnda

  1. (intransitive) to learn
  2. (transitive) to study
  3. (transitive) to read
Inflection
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Tone H
Infinitive ukufunda
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukufunda ukungafundi
Imperative
Simple object concord
Singular funda -funde
Plural fundani -fundeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyafunda, ngifunda engifundayo, engifunda ngifunda angifundi engingafundi ngingafundi
2nd singular uyafunda, ufunda ofundayo, ofunda ufunda awufundi ongafundi ungafundi
1st plural siyafunda, sifunda esifundayo, esifunda sifunda asifundi esingafundi singafundi
2nd plural niyafunda, nifunda enifundayo, enifunda nifunda anifundi eningafundi ningafundi
Class 1 uyafunda, ufunda ofundayo, ofunda efunda akafundi ongafundi engafundi
Class 2 bayafunda, bafunda abafundayo, abafunda befunda abafundi abangafundi bengafundi
Class 3 uyafunda, ufunda ofundayo, ofunda ufunda awufundi ongafundi ungafundi
Class 4 iyafunda, ifunda efundayo, efunda ifunda ayifundi engafundi ingafundi
Class 5 liyafunda, lifunda elifundayo, elifunda lifunda alifundi elingafundi lingafundi
Class 6 ayafunda, afunda afundayo, afunda efunda awafundi angafundi engafundi
Class 7 siyafunda, sifunda esifundayo, esifunda sifunda asifundi esingafundi singafundi
Class 8 ziyafunda, zifunda ezifundayo, ezifunda zifunda azifundi ezingafundi zingafundi
Class 9 iyafunda, ifunda efundayo, efunda ifunda ayifundi engafundi ingafundi
Class 10 ziyafunda, zifunda ezifundayo, ezifunda zifunda azifundi ezingafundi zingafundi
Class 11 luyafunda, lufunda olufundayo, olufunda lufunda alufundi olungafundi lungafundi
Class 14 buyafunda, bufunda obufundayo, obufunda bufunda abufundi obungafundi bungafundi
Class 15 kuyafunda, kufunda okufundayo, okufunda kufunda akufundi okungafundi kungafundi
Class 17 kuyafunda, kufunda okufundayo, okufunda kufunda akufundi okungafundi kungafundi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngifundile, ngifundē engifundile, engifundē ngifundile, ngifundē angifundanga engingafundanga ngingafundanga
2nd singular ufundile, ufundē ofundile, ofundē ufundile, ufundē awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
1st plural sifundile, sifundē esifundile, esifundē sifundile, sifundē asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
2nd plural nifundile, nifundē enifundile, enifundē nifundile, nifundē anifundanga eningafundanga ningafundanga
Class 1 ufundile, ufundē ofundile, ofundē efundile, efundē akafundanga ongafundanga engafundanga
Class 2 bafundile, bafundē abafundile, abafundē befundile, befundē abafundanga abangafundanga bengafundanga
Class 3 ufundile, ufundē ofundile, ofundē ufundile, ufundē awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
Class 4 ifundile, ifundē efundile, efundē ifundile, ifundē ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 5 lifundile, lifundē elifundile, elifundē lifundile, lifundē alifundanga elingafundanga lingafundanga
Class 6 afundile, afundē afundile, afundē efundile, efundē awafundanga angafundanga engafundanga
Class 7 sifundile, sifundē esifundile, esifundē sifundile, sifundē asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
Class 8 zifundile, zifundē ezifundile, ezifundē zifundile, zifundē azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 9 ifundile, ifundē efundile, efundē ifundile, ifundē ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 10 zifundile, zifundē ezifundile, ezifundē zifundile, zifundē azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 11 lufundile, lufundē olufundile, olufundē lufundile, lufundē alufundanga olungafundanga lungafundanga
Class 14 bufundile, bufundē obufundile, obufundē bufundile, bufundē abufundanga obungafundanga bungafundanga
Class 15 kufundile, kufundē okufundile, okufundē kufundile, kufundē akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Class 17 kufundile, kufundē okufundile, okufundē kufundile, kufundē akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāfunda engāfunda ngāfunda angifundanga engingafundanga ngingafundanga
2nd singular wāfunda owāfunda wāfunda awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
1st plural sāfunda esāfunda sāfunda asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
2nd plural nāfunda enāfunda nāfunda anifundanga eningafundanga ningafundanga
Class 1 wāfunda owāfunda āfunda akafundanga ongafundanga engafundanga
Class 2 bāfunda abāfunda bāfunda abafundanga abangafundanga bengafundanga
Class 3 wāfunda owāfunda wāfunda awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
Class 4 yāfunda eyāfunda yāfunda ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 5 lāfunda elāfunda lāfunda alifundanga elingafundanga lingafundanga
Class 6 āfunda āfunda āfunda awafundanga angafundanga engafundanga
Class 7 sāfunda esāfunda sāfunda asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
Class 8 zāfunda ezāfunda zāfunda azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 9 yāfunda eyāfunda yāfunda ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 10 zāfunda ezāfunda zāfunda azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 11 lwāfunda olwāfunda lwāfunda alufundanga olungafundanga lungafundanga
Class 14 bāfunda obāfunda bāfunda abufundanga obungafundanga bungafundanga
Class 15 kwāfunda okwāfunda kwāfunda akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Class 17 kwāfunda okwāfunda kwāfunda akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingafunda — ngingafunda ngingefunde — ngingefunde
2nd singular ungafunda — ungafunda ungefunde — ungefunde
1st plural singafunda — singafunda singefunde — singefunde
2nd plural ningafunda — ningafunda ningefunde — ningefunde
Class 1 angafunda — engafunda angefunde — engefunde
Class 2 bangafunda — bengafunda bangefunde — bengefunde
Class 3 ungafunda — ungafunda ungefunde — ungefunde
Class 4 ingafunda — ingafunda ingefunde — ingefunde
Class 5 lingafunda — lingafunda lingefunde — lingefunde
Class 6 angafunda — engafunda angefunde — engefunde
Class 7 singafunda — singafunda singefunde — singefunde
Class 8 zingafunda — zingafunda zingefunde — zingefunde
Class 9 ingafunda — ingafunda ingefunde — ingefunde
Class 10 zingafunda — zingafunda zingefunde — zingefunde
Class 11 lungafunda — lungafunda lungefunde — lungefunde
Class 14 bungafunda — bungafunda bungefunde — bungefunde
Class 15 kungafunda — kungafunda kungefunde — kungefunde
Class 17 kungafunda — kungafunda kungefunde — kungefunde
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizofunda engizofunda ngizofunda angizufunda engingezufunda ngingezufunda
2nd singular uzofunda ozofunda uzofunda awuzufunda ongezufunda ungezufunda
1st plural sizofunda esizofunda sizofunda asizufunda esingezufunda singezufunda
2nd plural nizofunda enizofunda nizofunda anizufunda eningezufunda ningezufunda
Class 1 uzofunda ozofunda ezofunda akazufunda ongezufunda engezufunda
Class 2 bazofunda abazofunda bezofunda abazufunda abangezufunda bengezufunda
Class 3 uzofunda ozofunda uzofunda awuzufunda ongezufunda ungezufunda
Class 4 izofunda ezofunda izofunda ayizufunda engezufunda ingezufunda
Class 5 lizofunda elizofunda lizofunda alizufunda elingezufunda lingezufunda
Class 6 azofunda azofunda ezofunda awazufunda angezufunda engezufunda
Class 7 sizofunda esizofunda sizofunda asizufunda esingezufunda singezufunda
Class 8 zizofunda ezizofunda zizofunda azizufunda ezingezufunda zingezufunda
Class 9 izofunda ezofunda izofunda ayizufunda engezufunda ingezufunda
Class 10 zizofunda ezizofunda zizofunda azizufunda ezingezufunda zingezufunda
Class 11 luzofunda oluzofunda luzofunda aluzufunda olungezufunda lungezufunda
Class 14 buzofunda obuzofunda buzofunda abuzufunda obungezufunda bungezufunda
Class 15 kuzofunda okuzofunda kuzofunda akuzufunda okungezufunda kungezufunda
Class 17 kuzofunda okuzofunda kuzofunda akuzufunda okungezufunda kungezufunda
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyofunda engiyofunda ngiyofunda angiyufunda engingeyufunda ngingeyufunda
2nd singular uyofunda oyofunda uyofunda awuyufunda ongeyufunda ungeyufunda
1st plural siyofunda esiyofunda siyofunda asiyufunda esingeyufunda singeyufunda
2nd plural niyofunda eniyofunda niyofunda aniyufunda eningeyufunda ningeyufunda
Class 1 uyofunda oyofunda eyofunda akayufunda ongeyufunda engeyufunda
Class 2 bayofunda abayofunda beyofunda abayufunda abangeyufunda bengeyufunda
Class 3 uyofunda oyofunda uyofunda awuyufunda ongeyufunda ungeyufunda
Class 4 iyofunda eyofunda iyofunda ayiyufunda engeyufunda ingeyufunda
Class 5 liyofunda eliyofunda liyofunda aliyufunda elingeyufunda lingeyufunda
Class 6 ayofunda ayofunda eyofunda awayufunda angeyufunda engeyufunda
Class 7 siyofunda esiyofunda siyofunda asiyufunda esingeyufunda singeyufunda
Class 8 ziyofunda eziyofunda ziyofunda aziyufunda ezingeyufunda zingeyufunda
Class 9 iyofunda eyofunda iyofunda ayiyufunda engeyufunda ingeyufunda
Class 10 ziyofunda eziyofunda ziyofunda aziyufunda ezingeyufunda zingeyufunda
Class 11 luyofunda oluyofunda luyofunda aluyufunda olungeyufunda lungeyufunda
Class 14 buyofunda obuyofunda buyofunda abuyufunda obungeyufunda bungeyufunda
Class 15 kuyofunda okuyofunda kuyofunda akuyufunda okungeyufunda kungeyufunda
Class 17 kuyofunda okuyofunda kuyofunda akuyufunda okungeyufunda kungeyufunda
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngifunde ngingafundi
2nd singular ufunde ungafundi
1st plural sifunde singafundi
2nd plural nifunde ningafundi
Class 1 afunde angafundi
Class 2 bafunde bangafundi
Class 3 ufunde ungafundi
Class 4 ifunde ingafundi
Class 5 lifunde lingafundi
Class 6 afunde angafundi
Class 7 sifunde singafundi
Class 8 zifunde zingafundi
Class 9 ifunde ingafundi
Class 10 zifunde zingafundi
Class 11 lufunde lungafundi
Class 14 bufunde bungafundi
Class 15 kufunde kungafundi
Class 17 kufunde kungafundi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngafunda ngangafunda, angafunda, angangafunda
2nd singular wafunda wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
1st plural safunda sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
2nd plural nafunda nangafunda, anafunda, anangafunda
Class 1 wafunda wangafunda, akafunda, akangafunda
Class 2 bafunda bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
Class 3 wafunda wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
Class 4 yafunda yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
Class 5 lafunda langafunda, alafunda, alangafunda
Class 6 afunda angafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
Class 7 safunda sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
Class 8 zafunda zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
Class 9 yafunda yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
Class 10 zafunda zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
Class 11 lwafunda lwangafunda, alwafunda, alwangafunda
Class 14 bafunda bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
Class 15 kwafunda kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda
Class 17 kwafunda kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

From Proto-Bantu *-kúnda.

Verb

[edit]

-funda?

  1. (transitive) to swallow (food)
Inflection
[edit]
Tone H
Infinitive ukufunda
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukufunda ukungafundi
Imperative
Simple object concord
Singular funda -funde
Plural fundani -fundeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyafunda, ngifunda engifundayo, engifunda ngifunda angifundi engingafundi ngingafundi
2nd singular uyafunda, ufunda ofundayo, ofunda ufunda awufundi ongafundi ungafundi
1st plural siyafunda, sifunda esifundayo, esifunda sifunda asifundi esingafundi singafundi
2nd plural niyafunda, nifunda enifundayo, enifunda nifunda anifundi eningafundi ningafundi
Class 1 uyafunda, ufunda ofundayo, ofunda efunda akafundi ongafundi engafundi
Class 2 bayafunda, bafunda abafundayo, abafunda befunda abafundi abangafundi bengafundi
Class 3 uyafunda, ufunda ofundayo, ofunda ufunda awufundi ongafundi ungafundi
Class 4 iyafunda, ifunda efundayo, efunda ifunda ayifundi engafundi ingafundi
Class 5 liyafunda, lifunda elifundayo, elifunda lifunda alifundi elingafundi lingafundi
Class 6 ayafunda, afunda afundayo, afunda efunda awafundi angafundi engafundi
Class 7 siyafunda, sifunda esifundayo, esifunda sifunda asifundi esingafundi singafundi
Class 8 ziyafunda, zifunda ezifundayo, ezifunda zifunda azifundi ezingafundi zingafundi
Class 9 iyafunda, ifunda efundayo, efunda ifunda ayifundi engafundi ingafundi
Class 10 ziyafunda, zifunda ezifundayo, ezifunda zifunda azifundi ezingafundi zingafundi
Class 11 luyafunda, lufunda olufundayo, olufunda lufunda alufundi olungafundi lungafundi
Class 14 buyafunda, bufunda obufundayo, obufunda bufunda abufundi obungafundi bungafundi
Class 15 kuyafunda, kufunda okufundayo, okufunda kufunda akufundi okungafundi kungafundi
Class 17 kuyafunda, kufunda okufundayo, okufunda kufunda akufundi okungafundi kungafundi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngifundile, ngifundē engifundile, engifundē ngifundile, ngifundē angifundanga engingafundanga ngingafundanga
2nd singular ufundile, ufundē ofundile, ofundē ufundile, ufundē awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
1st plural sifundile, sifundē esifundile, esifundē sifundile, sifundē asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
2nd plural nifundile, nifundē enifundile, enifundē nifundile, nifundē anifundanga eningafundanga ningafundanga
Class 1 ufundile, ufundē ofundile, ofundē efundile, efundē akafundanga ongafundanga engafundanga
Class 2 bafundile, bafundē abafundile, abafundē befundile, befundē abafundanga abangafundanga bengafundanga
Class 3 ufundile, ufundē ofundile, ofundē ufundile, ufundē awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
Class 4 ifundile, ifundē efundile, efundē ifundile, ifundē ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 5 lifundile, lifundē elifundile, elifundē lifundile, lifundē alifundanga elingafundanga lingafundanga
Class 6 afundile, afundē afundile, afundē efundile, efundē awafundanga angafundanga engafundanga
Class 7 sifundile, sifundē esifundile, esifundē sifundile, sifundē asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
Class 8 zifundile, zifundē ezifundile, ezifundē zifundile, zifundē azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 9 ifundile, ifundē efundile, efundē ifundile, ifundē ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 10 zifundile, zifundē ezifundile, ezifundē zifundile, zifundē azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 11 lufundile, lufundē olufundile, olufundē lufundile, lufundē alufundanga olungafundanga lungafundanga
Class 14 bufundile, bufundē obufundile, obufundē bufundile, bufundē abufundanga obungafundanga bungafundanga
Class 15 kufundile, kufundē okufundile, okufundē kufundile, kufundē akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Class 17 kufundile, kufundē okufundile, okufundē kufundile, kufundē akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāfunda engāfunda ngāfunda angifundanga engingafundanga ngingafundanga
2nd singular wāfunda owāfunda wāfunda awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
1st plural sāfunda esāfunda sāfunda asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
2nd plural nāfunda enāfunda nāfunda anifundanga eningafundanga ningafundanga
Class 1 wāfunda owāfunda āfunda akafundanga ongafundanga engafundanga
Class 2 bāfunda abāfunda bāfunda abafundanga abangafundanga bengafundanga
Class 3 wāfunda owāfunda wāfunda awufundanga ongafundanga ungafundanga
Class 4 yāfunda eyāfunda yāfunda ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 5 lāfunda elāfunda lāfunda alifundanga elingafundanga lingafundanga
Class 6 āfunda āfunda āfunda awafundanga angafundanga engafundanga
Class 7 sāfunda esāfunda sāfunda asifundanga esingafundanga singafundanga
Class 8 zāfunda ezāfunda zāfunda azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 9 yāfunda eyāfunda yāfunda ayifundanga engafundanga ingafundanga
Class 10 zāfunda ezāfunda zāfunda azifundanga ezingafundanga zingafundanga
Class 11 lwāfunda olwāfunda lwāfunda alufundanga olungafundanga lungafundanga
Class 14 bāfunda obāfunda bāfunda abufundanga obungafundanga bungafundanga
Class 15 kwāfunda okwāfunda kwāfunda akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Class 17 kwāfunda okwāfunda kwāfunda akufundanga okungafundanga kungafundanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingafunda — ngingafunda ngingefunde — ngingefunde
2nd singular ungafunda — ungafunda ungefunde — ungefunde
1st plural singafunda — singafunda singefunde — singefunde
2nd plural ningafunda — ningafunda ningefunde — ningefunde
Class 1 angafunda — engafunda angefunde — engefunde
Class 2 bangafunda — bengafunda bangefunde — bengefunde
Class 3 ungafunda — ungafunda ungefunde — ungefunde
Class 4 ingafunda — ingafunda ingefunde — ingefunde
Class 5 lingafunda — lingafunda lingefunde — lingefunde
Class 6 angafunda — engafunda angefunde — engefunde
Class 7 singafunda — singafunda singefunde — singefunde
Class 8 zingafunda — zingafunda zingefunde — zingefunde
Class 9 ingafunda — ingafunda ingefunde — ingefunde
Class 10 zingafunda — zingafunda zingefunde — zingefunde
Class 11 lungafunda — lungafunda lungefunde — lungefunde
Class 14 bungafunda — bungafunda bungefunde — bungefunde
Class 15 kungafunda — kungafunda kungefunde — kungefunde
Class 17 kungafunda — kungafunda kungefunde — kungefunde
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizofunda engizofunda ngizofunda angizufunda engingezufunda ngingezufunda
2nd singular uzofunda ozofunda uzofunda awuzufunda ongezufunda ungezufunda
1st plural sizofunda esizofunda sizofunda asizufunda esingezufunda singezufunda
2nd plural nizofunda enizofunda nizofunda anizufunda eningezufunda ningezufunda
Class 1 uzofunda ozofunda ezofunda akazufunda ongezufunda engezufunda
Class 2 bazofunda abazofunda bezofunda abazufunda abangezufunda bengezufunda
Class 3 uzofunda ozofunda uzofunda awuzufunda ongezufunda ungezufunda
Class 4 izofunda ezofunda izofunda ayizufunda engezufunda ingezufunda
Class 5 lizofunda elizofunda lizofunda alizufunda elingezufunda lingezufunda
Class 6 azofunda azofunda ezofunda awazufunda angezufunda engezufunda
Class 7 sizofunda esizofunda sizofunda asizufunda esingezufunda singezufunda
Class 8 zizofunda ezizofunda zizofunda azizufunda ezingezufunda zingezufunda
Class 9 izofunda ezofunda izofunda ayizufunda engezufunda ingezufunda
Class 10 zizofunda ezizofunda zizofunda azizufunda ezingezufunda zingezufunda
Class 11 luzofunda oluzofunda luzofunda aluzufunda olungezufunda lungezufunda
Class 14 buzofunda obuzofunda buzofunda abuzufunda obungezufunda bungezufunda
Class 15 kuzofunda okuzofunda kuzofunda akuzufunda okungezufunda kungezufunda
Class 17 kuzofunda okuzofunda kuzofunda akuzufunda okungezufunda kungezufunda
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyofunda engiyofunda ngiyofunda angiyufunda engingeyufunda ngingeyufunda
2nd singular uyofunda oyofunda uyofunda awuyufunda ongeyufunda ungeyufunda
1st plural siyofunda esiyofunda siyofunda asiyufunda esingeyufunda singeyufunda
2nd plural niyofunda eniyofunda niyofunda aniyufunda eningeyufunda ningeyufunda
Class 1 uyofunda oyofunda eyofunda akayufunda ongeyufunda engeyufunda
Class 2 bayofunda abayofunda beyofunda abayufunda abangeyufunda bengeyufunda
Class 3 uyofunda oyofunda uyofunda awuyufunda ongeyufunda ungeyufunda
Class 4 iyofunda eyofunda iyofunda ayiyufunda engeyufunda ingeyufunda
Class 5 liyofunda eliyofunda liyofunda aliyufunda elingeyufunda lingeyufunda
Class 6 ayofunda ayofunda eyofunda awayufunda angeyufunda engeyufunda
Class 7 siyofunda esiyofunda siyofunda asiyufunda esingeyufunda singeyufunda
Class 8 ziyofunda eziyofunda ziyofunda aziyufunda ezingeyufunda zingeyufunda
Class 9 iyofunda eyofunda iyofunda ayiyufunda engeyufunda ingeyufunda
Class 10 ziyofunda eziyofunda ziyofunda aziyufunda ezingeyufunda zingeyufunda
Class 11 luyofunda oluyofunda luyofunda aluyufunda olungeyufunda lungeyufunda
Class 14 buyofunda obuyofunda buyofunda abuyufunda obungeyufunda bungeyufunda
Class 15 kuyofunda okuyofunda kuyofunda akuyufunda okungeyufunda kungeyufunda
Class 17 kuyofunda okuyofunda kuyofunda akuyufunda okungeyufunda kungeyufunda
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngifunde ngingafundi
2nd singular ufunde ungafundi
1st plural sifunde singafundi
2nd plural nifunde ningafundi
Class 1 afunde angafundi
Class 2 bafunde bangafundi
Class 3 ufunde ungafundi
Class 4 ifunde ingafundi
Class 5 lifunde lingafundi
Class 6 afunde angafundi
Class 7 sifunde singafundi
Class 8 zifunde zingafundi
Class 9 ifunde ingafundi
Class 10 zifunde zingafundi
Class 11 lufunde lungafundi
Class 14 bufunde bungafundi
Class 15 kufunde kungafundi
Class 17 kufunde kungafundi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngafunda ngangafunda, angafunda, angangafunda
2nd singular wafunda wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
1st plural safunda sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
2nd plural nafunda nangafunda, anafunda, anangafunda
Class 1 wafunda wangafunda, akafunda, akangafunda
Class 2 bafunda bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
Class 3 wafunda wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
Class 4 yafunda yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
Class 5 lafunda langafunda, alafunda, alangafunda
Class 6 afunda angafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
Class 7 safunda sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
Class 8 zafunda zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
Class 9 yafunda yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
Class 10 zafunda zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
Class 11 lwafunda lwangafunda, alwafunda, alwangafunda
Class 14 bafunda bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
Class 15 kwafunda kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda
Class 17 kwafunda kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda

References

[edit]
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