礤

礤 U 7924, 礤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7924 ← 礣 [U 7923] CJK Unified Ideographs 礥 → [U 7925]

Translingual

Han character

礤 (Kangxi radical 112, 石 14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 一口廿月火 (MRTBF), four-corner 1469₁, composition ⿰石蔡)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 838, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24555
• Dae Jaweon: page 1255, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2461, character 2
• Unihan data for U 7924

Chinese

trad.		礤
simp. #		礤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (祭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蔡	*sʰlaːds
瘵	*ʔsreːds
祭	*ʔsreːds, *ʔsleds
際	*ʔsleds
穄	*ʔsleds
鰶	*ʔsleds
傺	*hr'eds
摖	*sʰleːds
擦	*sʰlaːd
攃	*sʰlaːd, *saːd
礤	*sʰlaːd
察	*sʰreːd
詧	*sʰreːd, *sʰeːd

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cǎ, cā (ca³, ca¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄚˇ, ㄘㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caat³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhoah / chhat

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cǎ
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻa³
    • Yale: tsǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaa
    • Palladius: ца (ca)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰä²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cā
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ca
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻa¹
    • Yale: tsā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsa
    • Palladius: ца (ca)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰä⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caat³
    • Yale: chaat
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaat⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: cad³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːt̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoah / chhat
    • Tâi-lô: tshuah / tshat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhoaq, zhad
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰuaʔ³²/, /t͡sʰat̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuaʔ⁵/, /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰuaʔ³²/, /t͡sʰat̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰuaʔ³²/, /t͡sʰat̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuaʔ³²/, /t͡sʰat̚³²/

Note:

• chhoah - “grater; to grate” (colloquial);
• chhat - (literary).

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• Middle Chinese: tshat

Rime
Character	礤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	曷 (63)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	七曷切
Baxter	tshat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰat̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰɑt̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ca
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caat3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰlaːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	礤
Reading #	1/1
No.	5847
Phonetic component	祭
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	攃
Old Chinese	/*sʰlaːd/
Notes	集韻同攃

Definitions

礤

1. grater; shredder; grindstone (kitchen implement for grating fruits and vegetables)
2. to rub; to grate; to wipe; to scrape
3. (literary) coarse stone

Compounds

• 冰礤 (Min Nan)
• 礤仔 (Min Nan)
• 礤冰 (Min Nan)
• 礤床 (cǎchuáng)
• 礤床兒／礤床儿 (cǎchuángr)
• 礤簽／礤签 (Min Nan)
• 礤霜 (Min Nan)
• 簽礤／签礤 (Min Nan)
• 菜礤 (Min Nan)
• 霜礤 (Min Nan)

 

References

• “Entry #12985”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
• 周长楫 [Zhou, Changji], editor (2006), “礤 [tshuah⁸]”, in 闽南方言大词典 MINNAN FANGYAN DA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Southern Min dialects] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Fuzhou: 福建人民出版社 [Fujian People's Publishing House], →ISBN, page 671.
• 郭于中 (host) (2019 June 5) 台視台語新聞逐工一字 介紹「礤」（tshuah）‎^[1] (in Min Nan), 台視新聞.